This article highlights the benefits of jointly using cultural modeling and cultural consensus analysis for the purpose of triangulation in research in which a cultural group’s point of view is desired. Cultural models are those presupposed, taken-for-granted models of knowledge and thought used in the course of everyday life to guide a person’s understanding of the world. These models can be identified by discourse analysis. Cultural consensus analysis is a quantitative-based methodological tool that asks if shared knowledge of a specific cultural domain exists within a group of informants. In presenting their results, the authors recommend the joint use of these two methods in research in which a broad understanding of a cultural group’s perspective on a given topic is needed.
AndersonR. C. (1977). The notion of schemata and the educational enterprise: General discussion of the conference. In AndersonR. C.SpiroR. J.MontagueW. E. (Eds.), Schooling and the acquisition of knowledge (pp. 415-431). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
2.
AndrewJ. P.DeRoccoE. S.TaylorA. (2009). The innovation imperative in manufacturing: How the United States can restore its edge. Boston, MA: Boston Consulting Group.
3.
ArnonS.ReichelN. (2009). Closed and open-ended question tools in a telephone survey about “The good teacher”: An example of a mixed method study. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 3(2), 172-196.
4.
BlountB. G. (2002). Keywords, cultural models, and representations of knowledge: A case study from the Georgia coast (Coastal Anthropology Resources Laboratory Occasional Publ. No. 3). Athens: University of Georgia, Department of Anthropology.
BrannenJ. (2005, December). Mixed methods research: A discussion paper. London, England: Economic & Social Research Council National Centre for Research Methods.
7.
BrymanA. (2006). Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: How is it done?Qualitative Research, 6, 97-113.
8.
Burke JohnsonR.OnwuegbuzieJ.TurnerL. A. (2007). Toward a definition of mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), 112-133.
9.
ColbyB. (1996). Cognitive anthropology. In LevinsonD.EmberM. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of cultural anthropology (pp. 209-214). New York, NY: Henry Holt.
10.
CooleyD. R. (2003). Cultural models and fishing knowledge: A case study of commercial blue crab fisherman in Georgia, USA. Athens: University of Georgia.
11.
CreswellJ. W.Plano ClarkV. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
12.
CreswellJ. W.Plano ClarkV. L.GutmanM. L.HandsonW. E. (2003). Advanced mixed methods research designs. In TashakkoriA.TeddlieC. (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research (pp. 209-241). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
13.
D’AndradeR. (1984). Cultural meaning systems. In SchwederR. A.LevineR. A. (Eds.), Culture theory: Essays on mind, self, and emotion (pp. 88-119). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
14.
de MunckV. C.DudleyN.CardinaleJ. (2002). Cultural models of gender in Sri Lanka and the United States. Ethnology, 41, 225-261.
15.
DresslerW. W.BalieiroM. C.Dos SantosJ. E. (1998). Culture, socioeconomic status, and physical and mental health in Brazil. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 12, 424-446.
16.
FairweatherJ.RinneT. (2011, under review). Computer-assisted, self interviewing (CASI) compared to face-to-face interviewing (FTFI) with open-ended, non-sensitive questions. International Journal of Qualitative Methods.
17.
FukuyamaF. (1995). Trust: The social virtues and the creation of prosperity. London: Hamish Hamilton.
18.
GarroL. C. (1986). Intracultural variation in folk medical knowlegde: A comparison between curers and non-curers. American Anthropologist, 88, 351-370.
19.
GarroL. C. (1988). Explaining high blood pressure: Variation in knowledge about illness. American Ethnologist, 15, 98-119.
20.
GarroL. C. (1996). Intracultural variation in causal accounts of diabetes: A comparison of three Canadian Anishinaabe (Ojibway) communities. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 20, 381-420.
21.
GarroL. C. (2000). Remembering what one knows and the construction of the past: A comparison of cultural consensus theory and cultural schema theory. Ethos, 28, 275-319.
22.
GarroL. C. (1988). Explaining high blood pressure: Variation in knowledge about illness. American Ethnologist, 15(1), 98-119.
23.
GoodenoughW. H. (1957). Cultural anthropology and linguistics (Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics). Washington, DC: Georgetown University.
24.
GoodenoughW. H. (1961). Comments on cultural evolution. Daedalus, 90, 521-528.
25.
GreeneJ. C.CaracelliV. J.GrahamW. F. (1989). Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 11, 255-274.
26.
GregoryD. (2000). Discourse. In JohnstonR. J.GregoryD.PrattG.WattsM. (Eds.), Dictionary of human geography (4th ed., pp. 180-181). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
27.
HansonW. E.CreswellJ. W.Plano ClarkV. L.PetskaV. L.CreswellJ. D. (2005). Mixed methods reseach designs in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 224-235.
28.
HollandD.ColeM. (1995). Between discourse and schema: Reformulating a cultural-historical approach to culture and mind. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 26, 475-490.
29.
HollandD.QuinnN. (1987). Cultural models of language and thought. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
30.
KeesingR. M. (1972). Paradigms lost: The new ethnography and the new linguistics. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 28, 299-331.
31.
LewisO. (1951). Life in a Mexican village: Tepoztlan restudied. Springfield: University of Illinois Press.
32.
NakataC.SivakumarK. (1996). National culture and new product development: An integrative review. Journal of Marketing, 60(1), 61-72.
33.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2005). Governance of innovation systems. Paris, France: Author.
34.
PiagetJ. (1926). The language and thought of the child. London, England: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
35.
Pro Inno Europe. (2009, January). European innovation scoreboard 2008: Comparative analysis of innovation performance. Maastricht, Netherlands: Maastricht Economic and social Research and training centre on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT). Retrieved from http://www.proinno-europe.eu/page/european-innovation-scoreboard-2008
36.
RedfieldR. (1930). Tepoztlan, a Mexican village: A study of folk life. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
37.
RomneyA. K.BatchelderW. H.WellerS. C. (1987). Recent applicaations of cultural consensus theory. American Behavioral Scientist, 31, 163-177.
38.
RomneyA. K.WellerS. C.BatchelderW. H. (1986). Culture as consensus: A theory of culture and informant accuracy. American Anthropologist, 88, 313-338.
39.
RuscianoF. L. (2003). The construction of national identity: A 23 nation study. Political Research Quarterly, 56, 361-366.
40.
SandelowskiM. (1995). Triangles and crystals: On the geometry of qualitative research. Research in Nursing & Health, 18, 569-574.
41.
ShaneS. (1992). Why do some societies invent more than others?Journal of Business Venturing, 7, 29-46.
42.
ShaneS. (1993). Cultural influences on national rates of innovation. Journal of Business Venturing, 8, 59-73.
StraussC.QuinnN. (1997). A cognitive theory of cultural meaning. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
45.
SworaM. G. (2003). Using cultural consensus analysis to study sexual risk perception: A report on a pilot study. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 5, 339-352.
TashakkoriA.TeddlieC. (2003a). Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
48.
TashakkoriA.TeddlieC. (2003b). The past and future of mixed methods research: From data triangulation to mixed model designs. In TashakkoriA.TeddlieC. (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral sciences (pp. 671-703). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
49.
VogtW. P. (1993). Reliability dictionary of statistics and methodology: A non-technical guide to the social sciences. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
WellerS. C.RomneyA. K. (1988). Qualitative research methods: Vol. 10. Systematic data collection. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
52.
WilliamsM. (2000). Interpretivism and generalisation. Sociology, 34, 209-224.
53.
WindJ.MahajanV.BaylessJ. L. (1990). The role of new product models in supporting and improving the new product development process: Some preliminary results. Cambridge, MA: Marketing Science Institute.
54.
WoolfolkA. E. (1987). Educational psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
