Learning Curve for Robotic Inguinal Hernia Repair With da Vinci Single-Port Robotic System

Abstract

Background

Transabdominal pre-peritoneal inguinal hernia repair using the da Vinci Single-Port robot (SP-TAPP) is currently performed in few centers. We aimed to define the learning curve for SP-TAPP by analyzing operative times.

Methods

The operative times of 122 SP-TAPP performed between 2019 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The following phases were analyzed: docking time (DT); pre-robot time (PRT, from skin incision to side cart placement); flap closure time (FCT); console time (CT), and overall time (OT). Cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM) was used to analyze learning curves. Surgical and 30-day outcome were analyzed.

Results

The DT has remained constant over time (P > 0.9). PRT was divided into 3 phases with n1 = 5, n2 = 95 and n3 = 4, in which there was a progressive decrease in time (14.8 vs 11.9 vs 6.8 min; P = 0.08). In FCT and CT, 3 phases were identified in which times remained stable (P > 0.9 and P = 0.7). CUSUM analysis of OT identified 3 phases consisting of n1 = 13, n2 = 100 and n3 = 9 in which there was a progressive decrease in times (82 vs 72 vs 62 min; P = 0.3). Analysis of complications and early surgical outcomes did not differ except for estimated blood loss, although this was a clinically insignificant finding.

Conclusions

The learning curve for SP-TAPP is rapid and it shows how the technical skills are transferable between the multiport platform and the da Vinci Single Port robotic system for an experienced surgeon. An improvement is evident in PRT and OT, also compared to multiport systems, showing a potential for the platform to increase surgical activity.