The First Laparoscopist in the United States: Bertram M. Bernheim,MD

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Bernheim BM The Story of the Johns Hopkins: Four Great Doctors and the Medical School They Created. New York and Toronto : Whittlesey House/McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc ; 1948.

Mishra RK History of minimal access surgery. Laparoscopy Hospital Web site. Available at: http://www.laparoscopyhospital.com. Accessed March 3, 2007.

Modlin IM , Kidd M. , Lye KD From the lumen to the laparoscope. Arch Surg. 2004;139:1110-1126.

Williams GM Bertram M. Bernheim: a southern vascular surgeon. J Vasc Surg. 1992;16:311-318.