Climate change is evident in the form of a long-term shift in weather patterns and environmental catastrophes on a global scale. It has a direct impact on the agricultural sector, specifically on crop productivity and also to cope with various environmental stress conditions while maintaining crop yield. This is a major challenge and threat to food security and human health. Thus, given the present scenario, there is an urgent need for advanced techniques for improving crop productivity as well as soil biota. Nanotechnology is a developing technology that possesses vast applications in different scientific fields. Synthesis of nanofertilizers (NFs) via biological methods is discussed in the present review for improving crop yield. Hence, the present article is focused on the impact of climate change and conventional techniques on crop productivity. Role of green NF synthesis, application, and its challenges as a modern technique in the agricultural sector is explored to overcome the drawbacks of conventional fertilizer and to combat adverse climatic conditions.
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