Individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) are differentially affected by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity, and substance use disorder. We have investigated to what extent cognitive deficits are relevant to binge eating behavior (BEB).
Methods
Data from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project were retrospectively and cross-sectionally analyzed to compare individuals with and without BEB on measures of anhedonia and general cognitive functions (n = 566). BEB was assessed using items from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus 5.0.0 for DSM-IV-TR that correspond with DSM-5-defined diagnostic criteria for BED. Individuals currently prescribed benzodiazepines were excluded from analyses.
Results
Individuals with BEB were more likely to exhibit anhedonia (P = .044) and general cognitive (P = .005) symptoms, when compared to those without BEB. We also observed that individuals with BEB were more likely to have specific psychiatric (eg, ADHD) and medical (eg, obesity) disorders (P < .05).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that a central disturbance in cognitive processes may be mechanistically relevant to the cause and treatment of BEB in adults.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
KesslerRCBerglundPAChiuWT. The prevalence and correlates of binge eating disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Biol Psychiatry.2013; 73: 904–914.
2.
DavisC.The epidemiology and genetics of binge eating disorder (BED). CNS Spectr.2015; 20: 522–529.
3.
GruczaRAPrzybeckTRCloningerCR. Prevalence and correlates of binge eating disorder in a community sample. Compr Psychiatry.2007; 48: 124–131.
4.
StriegelRHBedrosianRWangC.Comparing work productivity in obesity and binge eating. Int J Eat Disord.2012; 45: 995–998.
5.
BarnesRDBoekaAGMcKenzieKC., . Metabolic Syndrome in obese patients with binge-eating disorder in primary care clinics: a cross-sectional study. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord.2011;13. doi: 10.4088/PCC.10m01050.
6.
BeckerDFGriloCM. Comorbidity of mood and substance use disorders in patients with binge-eating disorder: associations with personality disorder and eating disorder pathology. J Psychosom Res.2015; 79: 159–164.
7.
WoldeyohannesHOSoczynskaJKMaruschakNA. Binge eating in adults with mood disorders: results from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project. Obes Res Clin Pract.2018; 10: 531–543.
8.
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed.Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
9.
GaliotoRSpitznagelMBStrainG. Cognitive function in morbidly obese individuals with and without binge eating disorder. Compr Psychiatry.2012; 53: 490–495.
10.
ManasseSMEspelHMFormanEM. The independent and interacting effects of hedonic hunger and executive function on binge eating. Appetite.2015; 89: 18–21.
11.
LavenderJMAloscoMLSpitznagelMB. Association between binge eating disorder and changes in cognitive functioning following bariatric surgery. J Psychiatr Res.2014; 59: 148–154.
12.
CalvoDGaliotoRGunstadJ. Uncontrolled eating is associated with reduced executive functioning. Clin Obes.2014; 4: 172–179.
13.
DuchesneMMattosPAppolinárioJC. Assessment of executive functions in obese individuals with binge eating disorder. Rev Bras Psiquiatr.2010; 32: 381–388.
14.
KapczinskiNSNarvaezJCMagalhãesPV. Cognition and functioning in bipolar depression. Rev Bras Psiquiatr.2016; 38: 201–206.
15.
DisnerSGBeeversCGHaighEAP. Neural mechanisms of the cognitive model of depression. Nat Rev Neurosci.2011; 12: 467–477.
16.
MansurRBBrietzkeEMclntyreRS. Is there a "metabolic-moodsyndrome"? Areview of the relationship between obesity and mood disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev.2015; 52: 89–104.
17.
MansurRBZugmanAAhmedJ. Treatment with a GLP-1R agonist over four weeks promotes weight loss-moderated changes in frontal-striatal brain structures in individuals with mood disorders. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol.2017; 27: 1153–1182.
18.
RoiserJPSahakianBJ. Hot and cold cognition in depression. CNS Spectr. 2013; 18: 139–149.
19.
MclntyreRSXiaoHXSyedaK. The prevalence, measurement, and treatment of the cognitive dimension/ domain in major depressive disorder. CNS Drugs.2015; 29: 577–589.
20.
SchmitzFNaumannETrentowskaM. Attentional bias for food cues in binge eating disorder. Appetite.2014; 80: 70–80.
21.
SvaldiJSchmitzFTrentowskaM. Cognitive interference and a food-related memory bias in binge eating disorder. Appetite.2014; 72: 28–36.
22.
SvaldiJTuschen-CaffierBPeykP. Information processing of food pictures in binge eating disorder. Appetite.2010; 55: 685–694.
23.
KesslerRMHutsonPHHermanBK. The neurobiological basis of binge-eating disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev.2016; 63: 223–238.
24.
MclntyreRSKennedySHSoczynskaJK. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder: results from the international mood disorders collaborative project. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry.2010;12. doi: 10.4088/PCC.09m00861gry.
25.
MontgomerySM. Depressive symptoms in acute schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol.1979; 3: 429–433.
26.
KesslerRCAdlerLAmesM. The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychol Med.2005; 35: 245–258.
27.
SchagKSchönleberJTeufelM. Food-related impulsivity in obesity and binge eating disorder—a systematic review. Obes Rev.2013; 14: 477–495.
28.
CuthbertBNInselTR. Toward the future of psychiatric diagnosis: the seven pillars of RDoC. BMC Med.2013; 11: 126.
29.
InselTCuthbertBGarveyM. Research domain criteria (RDoC): toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. Am J Psychiatry.2010; 187: 748–751.
30.
MclntyreRSLeeY.Cognition in major depressive disorder: a 'Systemically Important Functional Index' (SIFI). Curr Opin Psychiatry.2016; 29: 48–55.
31.
SnaithRPHamiltonMMorleyS. A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. Br J Psychiatry.1995; 167: 99–103.
32.
MclntyreRSChaDSSoczynskaJK. Cognitive deficits and functional outcomes in major depressive disorder: determinants, substrates, and treatment interventions. Depress Anxiety.2013; 30: 515–527.
