The goals of rehabilitation in patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD) are to maximize and prolong independent function and locomotion, inhibit physical deformity, and provide access to full integration into society. Management is best carried out by a multidisciplinary team consisting of physicians, nurses, therapists, social and vocational counselors, and psychologists, among others. Treatment is goal-oriented, using various modalities. Stretching, range of motion, timely surgical correction of spinal deformities and contractures, and bracing may improve or prolong ambulation as well as enhance functional use of the extremities. Moderate resistance (submaximal) weight lifting and aerobic exercise may improve strength and cardiovascular performance in slowly progressive NMDs. For patients with advanced restrictive lung disease, positive pressure ventilation may improve breathing and comfort. Cardiac complications in some NMDs can be severe and may require monitoring. Nutritional, psychological, and vocational considerations should also be part of the management of NMD. Major advances in biomedical and computer engineering continue to provide more functional equipment, allowing better strategies for improvement of quality of life.
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