Plethysmography and continuous-wave Doppler were the noninvasive testing modalities that predominated in the 1970s diagnostic vascular laboratory. Grayscale ultrasound imaging (with a mechanically guided, pulsed-wave [PW] Doppler) was in its infancy, although PW Doppler-derived mapping had been described in 1971. Pulsed-wave Doppler spectral analysis of the intracranial circulation (transcranial Doppler) was not introduced into the United States until the early 1980s. This article describes the application of directional continuous-wave and PW Doppler, plethysmography (air, strain gauge, and photo) and spectrum analyzers to the diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease in the 1970s decade.
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