An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal communication that exists between an artery and a vein. There have been few cases of arteriovenous fistulae involving the superficial temporal artery reported and even fewer deemed to be nontraumatic in origin. This report describes a case of arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery that was diagnosed by duplex ultrasound complemented with color Doppler and confirmed by pathology. In addition to relating the details of the sonographic examination, the case study will examine the etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options for arteriovenous fistulae of the superficial temporal artery.
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