Power Toothbrushes: Hype or Science?

American Dental Association Research Institute (1984). Clinical methods for determining dentifrice-cleaning ability. J Am Dent Assoc 109:759–762.

Clinical Protocol Guidelines (1996). Guidelines for toothbrushes. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, January.

Ersen E, Coffman L, Berg ML, Li N, Hefferren JJ (2001). Tooth brush functionality measurements: access and cleaning (abstract). J Dent Res 80(Spec Iss):548.

Hefferren JJ (1976). A laboratory method for assessment of dentifrice abrasivity. J Dent Res 55:563–573.

Hefferren JJ (1999). Calcium pyrophosphate, a reference for abrasion and cleaning studies. In: Proceedings of Task Force on Design and Analysis. Lawrenceville, NJ: Task Force on Design and Analysis, Inc., 2975 Princeton Pike, 08648-3297, chilforce@aol.com, pp.57-60.

Hefferren JJ, Kingman A, Stookey GK, Lehnhoff R, Muller T (1984). An international collaborative study of laboratory methods for assessing abrasivity to dentin. J Dent Res 63:1176–1179.

International Standard ISO 11609. Dentistry–toothpastes– requirements. Test methods and marking. Geneva! ISO, 1995.

Stookey GK, Burkhard TA, Schemehorn BR (1982). In vitro removal of stain with dentifrices. J Dent Res 61:1236–1239.

Toothbrushes Acceptance Program Guidelines (1998). Council on Scientific Affairs, American Dental Association, May.