Desipramine Inhibits Na + /H + Exchanger in Human Submandibular Cells

Abstract

A common and significant side-effect of the antidepressant desipramine is xerostomia (dry mouth). We investigated the effect of desipramine on Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger, which is an important modulator of salivary secretion. In dissociated human submandibular acinar cells, desipramine inhibited intracellular pH recovery in a concentration-dependent manner. Likewise, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA), a Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger inhibitor, had the same effect as desipramine, whereas the effect of 4,4′-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS), a Na⁺/HCO₃ ⁻ co-transporter inhibitor, was not dramatic. Although desipramine is known to inhibit catecholamine re-uptake, desipramine also inhibited pH recovery in the human submandibular gland cell line, HSG cells, which lack nerve inputs. Our results suggest that desipramine directly inhibits Na⁺/H⁺ exchange in human submandibular glands without the involvement of catecholamine re-uptake, revealing the cellular mechanism of desipramine-evoked xerostomia.

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