Induction of MMP-3 by Hyaluronan Oligosaccharides in Temporomandibular Joint Chondrocytes

Abstract

Low-molecular-weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA) is often increased in osteoarthritic joints; however, its biological function in cartilage has not been clarified. We hypothesize that LMW-HA causes the catabolic activation of chondrocytes through its interaction with CD44. Cartilage explants and chondrocytes, derived from bovine temporomandibular joints (TMJ), were examined for matrix loss and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) following treatment with hyaluronan oligosaccharides (HA_oligos). Hyaluronan and CD44 were uniformly distributed throughout the fibrous and cartilaginous zones of the TMJ condyle. Treatment of cartilage explants with HA_oligos resulted in cartilage matrix loss with increased secreted caseinolytic activity. HA_oligos treatment of TMJ chondrocytes resulted in enhanced MMP-3 expression, whereas wash-out of the HA_oligos in the middle of the experimental period reduced this induction. These results suggest that HA_oligos activate chondrocytes, resulting in a substantial enhancement of proteinase expression, and the removal of HA_oligos by wash-out reverses this catabolic activation.

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