A formal, model-based approach is proposed for the development and evaluation of the sequences of actions specified in procedures. The approach employs methodologies developed within the discipline of discrete-event and hybrid systems control. We demonstrate the proposed approach through an evaluation of a procedure for handling an irregular engine-start on board a modern commercial aircraft.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BaileyR. W. (1989). Human performance engineering: Using human factors/ergonomics to achieve computer system usability (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
2.
DeganiA.HeymannM. (1999). Pilot Autopilot Interaction: A formal perspective. In JensenR. (Ed.), Proceeding of the 10th Aviation Psychology Symposium. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.
3.
DeganiA.WienerE. L. (1993). Cockpit checklists: Concepts, design, and use. Human Factors, 35(2), 345–359.
4.
DeganiA.WienerE. L. (1997). Procedures in complex systems: The airline cockpit. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 27(3), 302–312.
5.
De SotoC. B.LondonM.HandelS. (1965). Social reasoning and spatial paralogic. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2(4), 513–521.
6.
HarelD. (1988). On visual formalisms. Communications of the ACM, 31(5), 514–530.
7.
LaugheryK. R.WogalterM. S. (1997). Warning and risk perception. In SalvendyG. (Ed.), Handbook of human factors and ergonomics (pp. 1174–1198. New York: John Wiley.
8.
MosierK. L.PalmerE. A.DeganiA. (1992). Electronic checklists: Implications for decision making. Proceeding of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting (pp. 7–11). Atlanta, GA: Human Factors Society.
9.
National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). (1994). A review of flightcrew-involved major accidents of U.S. air carriers, 1978 through 1990 (Safety study, NTSB/SS-94/01). Washington, DC: Author.
10.
RamadgeR. J.WonhamW. M., 1987, Supervisory control of a class of discrete event processes. SIAM J. Control and Optimization, 25(1), pp. 206–230.
11.
WickensC. D. (1992). Engineering psychology and human performance (2nd ed.). New York: HarperCollins.
12.
WieringaD.MooreC.BarnesV. E. (1992). Procedure Writing. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press.