Abstract
Many commercial vehicles are equipped with steps and grab-rails to assist the driver in safely entering/exiting the vehicle. Nevertheless, many drivers do not use these aids. The purpose of this study was to assess the slip potential of various exit methods from two common commercial tractors when icy conditions are assumed. The study assessed the required coefficient of friction of ten male subjects while exiting cab-over-engine and conventional tractors. The results showed that the probability of a fall to occur was high (about 0.9 for wet ice conditions) when the exit aids were not utilized. Fully utilizing the steps and grab-rails resulted in a substantial decrease in the probability of a fall. An approach that emphasizes optimal design of entry/exit aids, coupled with driver training and education, is expected to minimize exit-related injuries.
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