Abstract
User interfaces capable of providing intelligent assistance to people are becoming a viable solution to the problem of human interaction with complex systems. In this paper we present a number of important factors and discuss their implications for intelligent assistance, with specific emphasis on user interface design. We will present those factors in the context of empirical data obtained during two studies of aircrew performance conducted in a helicopter simulator. The paper will begin with a discussion of the background to the project, and then turn to the factors revealed in the two studies and the data which indicated to us the importance of those factors. The paper will conclude with a discussion of the implications for user interface design, and our plans for further research and development in this area.
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