The purpose of this paper is to present a proposed form, the Refresher Training Requirements Rating Form (RTRRF), which is believed to be capable of assisting training professionals in determining which tasks to include in a refresher training program. This form is based on the literature on skill retention and degradation. The variables included in the rating scale are those that have been consistently found to have either some direct effect on the retention of tasks, or a major impact on the decision to regularly retrain a task. Additional applications of the rating scale are also discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AdamsJ. A. (1954). Psychomotor response acquisition and transfer as a function of control-indicator relationships. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48, 10–18.
2.
AdamsJ. A.HuffordL. E. (1962). Contributions of a part-task trainer to the learning and relearning of a time-shared flight maneuver. Human Factors, 47, 159–170.
3.
AmmonsR. B.FarrP. G.BlochE.NeumannE.DeyM.MarionR.AmmonsC. H. (1958). Long-term retention of perceptual-motor skills. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55, 318–328.
4.
GardlinG. R.SitterleyT. E. (1972). Degradation of learned skills: A review and annotated bibliography (D180–15081-1, NASA-CR-128611). Seattle, WA: Boeing Company.
5.
GoldbergS. L.DrillingsM.DresselJ. D. (1981). Mastery training: Effect on skill retention (Technical Report 513). Alexandria, VA: U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, PERI-II.
6.
HagmanJ. D. (1980). Effects of training task repetition of retention and transfer of maintenance skill (Research Report 1271). Alexandria, VA: U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
7.
LenzyckiH. P.FinleyD. L. (1980). How to determine training device requirements and characteristics: A handbook for training developers (Research Product 80-25). Darien, CT: Dunlap and Associates, Inc.
8.
McCluskeyC. M.HillerJ. H.BloomR. D.WhitmarshP. J. (1978). Skill decay of sixteen common tasks for MOS 11B and 11C. Alexandria, VA: Army Research Institute.
9.
McDonaldL. B. (1984). Passive acoustic analysis training problems: Final report (Vol. 1) (NAVTRAEQUIPCEN 83-M-0844-2). Orlando, FL: McDonald & Associates, Inc.
10.
MeltonA. W. (1964). Retention of tracking skills (DA-49-007-MD-1020). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.
11.
NAVEDTRA 106A. (1975). Interservice procedures for instructional development. Anonymous.
12.
RoseA. M.CzarnolewskiM. Y.GraggF. E.AustinS. H.FordP.DoyleJ.HagmanJ. D. (1985). Acquisition and retention of soldiering skills (Technical Report 671). Washington, DC: American Institutes for Research.
13.
SchendelJ. D.HagmanJ. D. (in press). Long-term retention of motor skills. In MorrisonJ. E. (Ed.), Training and performance: Principles of applied human learning. London: John Wiley & Sons.
14.
SchendelJ.ShieldsJ.KatzM. (1978). Retention of motor skills: Review (Technical Paper 313). Alexandria, VA: U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
15.
SitterleyT. E. (1974). Degradation of learned skills: Static practice effectiveness for visual approach and landing skill retention (D180–17876-1). Seattle, WA: Boeing Aerospace Company.
16.
WertheimA. H. (1985, September-October). Some remarks on the retention of learned skills. Paper presented at NATO Conference on Transfer of Training, Brussels, Belgium.
17.
WetzelS. K.KonoskeP. J.MontagueW. E. (1983). Estimating skill degradation for aviation antisubmarine warfare operators (AWs): Loss of skill and knowledge following training (NPRDC SR-83-31). San Diego, CA: Navy Personnel Research & Development Center.
