Several models of team development were synthesized from the team performance/team training literature as the basis for a working model of Team Evolution And Maturation (TEAM). The TEAM methodology is designed to investigate the development of teamwork during training of operational teams. The TEAM model suggests that the life cycle of a team consists of as many as seven developmental stages. The theoretical foundations and description of the model are discussed as well as its relevance to team training.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AlluisiE.A., “Lessons From a Study of Defense Training Technology”, Educational Technology Systems, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 57–76, 1977.
2.
BalesR.F.StrodtbeckF.L., “Phases in Group Problem Solving,”Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, Vol. 46, pp. 485–495, 1951.
3.
BellM.A., “Phases in Group Problem-Solving”, Small Group Behavior, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 475–495, 1962.
4.
BennisW.G.ShepardH.A., “A Theory of Group Development”, Human Relations, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 415–437, 1956.
5.
BoguslawR.PorterE.H., “Team Functions and Training”. In GagneR.M. (Ed.), Psychological Principles on System Development, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1962.
6.
BriggsG.E.JohnstonW.A., Team Training: Final Report, February 1966-February 1977, Report No. 1327–4, U.S. Naval Training Device Center, Orlando, FL, 1967.
7.
BriggsG.E.NaylorJ.C., “Team Versus Individual Training: Training Task Fidelity and Task Organization Effects of Transfer Performance by Three-Man Teams”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 49, pp. 387–392, 1965.
8.
CapleR.B., “The Sequential States of Group Development”, Small-Group Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 470–477, 1978.
9.
DavisL.T.GaddyC.D.TurneyJ.R., An Approach to Team Skills Training of Nuclear Power Plant Control Room Crews, NUREG/CR-4258GP+R-123022, General Physics Corp.Columbia, MD, 1985.
10.
DensonR.W., Team Training: Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography, AFHRL-TR-80–40, Wright Patterson AFB, OH: Logistics and Technical Training Div. Air Force Human Research Lab. 1981.
11.
DyerJ., State-of-the-Art Review on Team Training and Performance, Fort Benning, GA: Army Research Institute Field Unit, 1984.
12.
FisherB.A., “Decision Emergence: Phases in Group Decision-Making”, Speech Monographs, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 53–66, 1970.
13.
GersickC.J.G., “Time and Transition in Work Teams: Towards a New Model of Group Development”, Unpublished Manuscript, 1985.
14.
GoldinS.E.ThorndykeP.W. (Eds.), Improving Team Performance: Proceedings of the Rand Team Performance Workshop, R-2606-ONR, Rand Corp.Santa Monica, CA, 1980.
15.
HackmanJ.R.MorrisC.G., “Group Tasks, Group Interaction Process, and Group Performance Effectiveness: A Review and Proposed Integration”, In BerkowitzL. (Ed.) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 8, pp. 45–49, Academic Press, New York, 1975.
16.
HallE.R.RizzoW.A., An Assessment of U.S. Navy tactical Training. TAEG Report, No. 18, Training Analysis and Evaluation Group, 1975.
17.
HorrocksJ.HeermanE.KrugR.E., Team Training III: An Approach to Optimum Methods and Procedures, NAVTRADEVCEN 198–3 U.S. Naval Training Device Center, Port Washington, NY, 1961.
18.
KennedyJ.L., “The System Approach: Organizational Development”, Human Factors, Vol. 4, pp. 25–52, 1962.
19.
KlausD.J.GlaserR., Increasing Team Proficiency Through Training: 8. Final Summary Report, AIR E 1–6/68FR, American Institutes for Research, 1968.
20.
KnerrC.M.NadlerL.BergerL., Toward a Naval Taxonomy, Contract No. N00014–80-C-0781, Litton Mellonics, Arlington, VA, 1980.
21.
KribsD.H.ThurmondP.MarkL., Computerized Collective Training for Teams, Report No. ARI-TR-77-A4, Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Arlington, VA, 1977.
22.
MorganB.B.Jr.GlickmanA.S.WoodardE.A.BlaiwesA.SalasE., Measurement of Team Behavior in a Navy Training Environment, (NAVTRASYSCEN TR 86–014), Naval Training Systems Center, Orlando, FL, 1986.
23.
MillerD.L.GueretteP.J.MorganB.B.Jr., Instructional Courses in Team Training,. Paper presented at meeting of the Human Factor Society, New York, NY, 1987.
24.
MonteroR.C.CampbellW.J.ZimmerS.GlickmanA.S: Changes in Team Behaviors During Operational Training, Paper presented at meeting of the Human Factors Society, New York, NY, 1987.
25.
NievaV.F.FleishmanE.A.RiechA., Team Dimensions: Their Identity, Their Measurement and Their Relationships, Contract No. DAHC19–78-C-0001, Response Analysis Corp.Washington, DC, 1978.
26.
SalasE.BlaiwesA.R.ReynoldsR.E.GlickmanA.S.MorganB.B.Jr., “Teamwork From Team Training: New Directions”Proceedings of the 7th Interservice/Industry Training Equipment Conference and Exhibition, American Defense Preparedness Assoc, Orlando, FL, 1985.
