The Biological Acoustics Branch of the Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (AAMRL) is engaged in research in a number of speech related areas. This paper will describe the approach used to conduct research in the development and evaluation of military speech communication systems, mention the types of studies done using this approach and give examples of the types of data generated by these studies. Representative data will also be provided describing acoustic-phonetic changes that occur when speech is produced under acceleration.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Acoustical Society of America. American National Standard; Methods for the Calculation of the Articulation Index. ANSI S3.5-1969. New York: American National Standards Institute, Inc., 1970.
2.
AndersonT.R.McKinleyR. L.MooreT. J.“Evaluation of Speech Synthesis for Use in Military Noise,” Proceedings of National Bureau of Standards Workshop on Standardization of Speech I/O Technology, 18–19 March 1982, 241–245.
3.
AndersonT. R.MooreT. J.“Characterizing Requirements of Speech I/O for Military Cockpit Environments,” Proceedings of Speech Tech 1984, Media Dimensions, N.Y., 77–80.
4.
AndersonT. R.MooreT. J.McKinleyR. L.“Issues in the Development and Use of a Speech Recognition Data Base for Military Cockpit Environments,” Proceedings of Speech Tech 1985, Media Dimensions, N. Y., 172–176.
5.
AscherJ. W.HanleyT. D.SteerM. D.An Investigation of Listener Accuracy in an Environment of Relevant Conflicting Voice Signals, SPECDEVEN-TR-104-2-39 (AD639-104), December 1954.
6.
BondZ. S.MooreT. J.AndersonT. R.“Speech Produced Under High Sustained Acceleration: Some Preliminary Observations,”J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 79–1986, 538 (A).
7.
BondZ. S.MooreT. J.AndersonT. R.“The Effects of High Sustained Acceleration on the Acoustic-Phonetic Structure of Speech: A Preliminary Investigation,” AAMRL-TR-86-011, (in press).
8.
CarterJ.“Active Noise Reduction,” AFAMRL-TR-84-008, (AD A139741), 1984.
9.
FreedmanJ.RuiabaughW. A.“Accuracy and Speech of Response to Different Voice Types in a Cockpit Voice Warning System,” AFIT Thesis LSSR 89–83, (AD A135595), 1983.
10.
FrenchN. R.SteinbergJ. C.“Factors Governing the Intelligibility of Speech Sounds,”J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 19, 1947, 90–119.
11.
HouseA. S.WilliamsC. E.HeckerM. H. L.KryterK. D.“Articulation Testing Methods: Consonantal Differentiation with a Closed Response Set,”J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 37, 1965, 158–166.
12.
McKinleyR. L.“Voice Communication Research and Evaluation System,” AFAMRL-TR-80-25, (AD A088100), May 1980.
13.
McKinleyR. L.KurtzR. V.“Subjective Performance of Selected Speech Coders in the Presence of Channel Errors,” Proceedings 1984, IEEE Military Communications Conference, 3, 1984, 521–526.
14.
McKinleyR. L.MooreT. J.“Effects of Audio Bandwidth on Selected Digital Speech Coding Algorithms,” Proceedings IEEE Military Communications Conference, 1, 1985, 161–165.
15.
McKinleyR. L.MooreT. J.“Effect of Audio Bandwidth and Bit Error Rate on PCM, ADPCM and LPC Speech Coding Algorithm Intelligibility,” AGARD Conference Proceedings, Information Management and Decision Making in Advanced Weapon Systems, (in press).
16.
McKinleyR. L.NixonC. W.MooreT. J.“Voice Communication Capability of Selected Inflight Headgear Devices,” AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 311, Aural Communication in Aviation, June 1981, 19.1–19.8.
17.
MooreT. J.“Recommended Test Procedures for Performing Relative Psychoacoustical Evaluations of SEEK TALK Radio Systems,” AMRL-TR-79-40, (AD-B037501L), May 1979.
18.
MooreT. J.McKinleyR. L.“Proposed Test Procedures to Evaluate Audio Performance of SEEK TALK Advanced Development Model Radio Systems,” AMRL-TR-80-100, (AD-B050433), Sep 1980.
19.
MooreT. J.NixonC. W.McKinleyR. L.“Comparative Intelligibility of Speech Materials Processed by Standard Air Force Radio Systems in the Presence of Simulated Cockpit Noise,” AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 311, Aural Communication in Aviation, June 1981, 14.1–14.5.
20.
NixonC. W.AndersonT. R.MooreT. J.“The Perception of Synthetic Speech in Noise,” in SalviR.HendersonD.HamernikR. P.ColettiV. (Eds.), Applied and Basic Aspects of Noise Induced Hearing Loss, New York, N. Y.: Plenum, (in press).
21.
SchecterH.TierneyJ.“Operational Acceptability of 2.4 kbps Speech for Tactical Communications,” Proceedings IEEE Military Communications Conference, 1, 1985, 171–175.
22.
TierneyJ.SchecterH.“The Lincoln Laboratory – Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Digital Speech Test Facility,” MIT Lincoln Laboratory TR 683, (AD-A144303), May 1984.
23.
ZueV. W.CyphersD. S.“The MIT SPIRE System,” Proceedings of Speech Tech 1985, Media Dimensions, N. Y., 277–279.