This paper is the first in a series of three concerned with the effects of a wide range of stress factors on human Performance in current naval sonar operations. It is argued, from the viewpoint of a human factors consultant, that most research has had very little impact in helping to solve problems of sustained operations at sea. Semantic difficulties in applied research using trained sonar operators are discussed, and a translation of sonar tasks and behavioural elements is described. As an introduction to the following contributions, a combined survey methodology and literature review are outlined.
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