In order for computer-based information systems to evolve beyond index-oriented, keyword searching, it is argued that it will be necessary for the computer to be able to assess online the value of information relative to particular users and specific goals. A general formulation of a value function for characterizing a user's information needs is presented. Issues considered include the applicability of linear and multi-linear models, the effect of various cognitive biases and limitations, and the effects of context. Problems in incorporating the proposed formulation of a value function into an online information system are considered and results of three applications are discussed.
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