Naïve subjects performed a direct out-of-the-box assembly and installation sequence for two models of hunters' tree stands. Their actions were timed and monitored in detail using an array of video cameras. After extensive analysis of their assembly errors and interactions with the packaged instructions, two alternative instruction sets were written, one with modified language, the other with additional user-friendly graphic material. Two additional groups of naïve subjects who assembled tree stands packed with these alternative instructions took significantly less time and made significantly fewer errors.
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