Inclusive Design: An Holistic Approach

Abstract

Inclusive design approaches aim to create products that are suitable for the non-disabled and disabled alike. Traditionally, such approaches have concentrated on creating products which, whilst fitting with the special cognitive and/or physical needs of the disabled, have also brought benefits to the non-disabled. Examples of such products include the ballpoint pen and the TV remote control. Whilst those two are excellent examples of inclusive design, it will be argued in this paper that inclusive approaches which concentrate on only the cognitive and physical aspects of disability are limited. A new paradigm for inclusive design is proposed. This paradigm is based on looking at people holistically — taking into account people's lifestyles and values. A framework for considering such issues — the four pleasures — is described. It is argued that many ‘inclusive’ designs fail through failing to reflect the diverse values and lifestyles of the disabled. Examples are given, demonstrating how holistic approaches to inclusive design can right such failures.