The Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Storage Symptoms in Female Lower Urinary Tract Disorders: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Analysis Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data (2005–2018)

Abstract

Background:

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been implicated in various metabolic and urinary health issues, but its association with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) remains unclear. This study investigates the relationship between SSB intake and storage symptoms of LUTS, including urge incontinence and nocturia, among the U.S. women.

Objective:

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 13,555 participants, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, representing a nationally weighted population. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between SSB consumption and LUTS while adjusting for potential confounders such as age, body mass index, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities.

Methods:

This cross-sectional analysis utilized the NHANES data from 2005 to 2018. Women aged ≥ 20 years who completed the NHANES dietary and urological questionnaires were included (n = 13,555). Exclusions included women with diabetes mellitus, pregnant women, and those with a history of uterine or cervical cancer. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was categorized into None (0 mL/day), Low (1–500 mL/day), Medium (501–1,000 mL/day), and High (> 1,000 mL/day). LUTS related to storage were defined as urge incontinence and nocturia. Multivariate logistic regression models assessed associations, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors.

Results:

Among the 13,555 participants (weighted N = 92,765,231) in this study, the prevalence of nocturia was significantly higher in those with SSB consumption (p < 0.001). However, urge incontinence and nocturia were not associated with the quantity of SSB consumption after multivariable analysis. Common factors associated with urge incontinence and nocturia were old age, obesity, and depression.

Conclusion:

SSB consumption is not associated with storage symptoms of LUTS in our analysis. Due to the lack of certain variables in the database, further study is necessary to validate these findings.