Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and Occupational Therapy Intervention: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is an increasingly recognized pain condition in the pediatric population. Occupational therapy (OT) is a crucial component of a multidisciplinary approach to treating pediatric CRPS. Yet, there is limited evidence detailing these OT interventions. This review aimed to explore the existing literature on OT interventions and delivery methods for pediatric CRPS. We performed a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles that included pediatric participants with CRPS with no limitation on publication date. Most of the 11 included studies described OT interventions that addressed pain, functional disability, motor and sensory function, social participation, and psychological well-being. Interventions included sensory reeducation programs, exercises, functional use of affected extremities, psychoeducation, and client and family education. To facilitate engagement in meaningful occupations, OT practitioners treating pediatric CRPS should provide evidence-based interventions and age-appropriate client education and include caregivers in the care plan.

Plain Language Summary

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a type of chronic pain that can affect not only adults, but kids and adolescents as well. Occupational therapy (OT) is an important part of helping kids with CRPS, but there is limited evidence describing OT interventions. This article reviewed all the available literature on OT interventions and delivery methods for kids and adolescents with CRPS. We found 11 articles, most of which described OT interventions that focused on treating pain, functional disability, motor and sensory function, social participation, and psychological well-being. Specific interventions included using the affected limb for everyday tasks, sensory re-education programs, exercises, education on dealing with the psychological impact of CRPS, and education for the child and family members. Findings emphasize that OT practitioners should provide evidence-based interventions and age-appropriate education and include caregivers in the plan of care to support engagement in meaningful occupations.