An Exploratory Study of Young Stroke Survivors’ Lived Experiences: A Multi-Methods Study Using Developmental Theory

Abstract

Young adults make up 10% of strokes that occur in the United States each year. Little research has shown the developmental and occupational disruption as a result of stroke for this population. The objective of this study was to describe young stroke survivors’ perceived disruptions using developmental theory. A multiple methods study was conducted with community-dwelling stroke survivors between the ages of 18 and 40 using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures and qualitative interviews. Five themes were reported from the qualitative data: stroke and health, work and school, romantic relationships, parenting, and other social relationships. PROMIS measure results were not significantly different from the normed population despite challenges revealed during qualitative interviews. Qualitative data showed variations in post-stroke deficits and occupational performance that could not be meaningfully captured by the PROMIS measures alone. Occupational therapy practitioners should use developmental theory to guide their understanding of occupational disruptions in young stroke survivors.

Plain Language Summary

This research paper focuses on the impact of strokes on young adults and their lives. Strokes are usually associated with older individuals, but the number of young adults with stroke is increasing. This study used a theory of human development to define young adulthood as ages 18 to 40. The aim was to understand how strokes affect various aspects of young adults’ lives, including work, relationships, and parenting. They collected data from young stroke survivors using self-rating scales and interviews. The findings show that young stroke survivors experience disruptions in various parts of their lives. Many survivors had trouble recognizing their stroke symptoms at first, and their interactions with medical professionals weren’t always positive. Some faced challenges in returning to work or school, needing accommodations or even having to change jobs. Romantic relationships were also affected, and caregiving roles shifted. Social relationships with friends and family changed as well. The study highlighted that the standardized questionnaires didn’t fully capture the depth of disruptions experienced by young stroke survivors.