Evolution over the past 25 years has seen several designs of mechanical and tissue heart valves, each new model designed in an attempt to minimize the complications and to improve the flow characteristics. Thromboembolism is a major problem with mechanical valves necessitating life-long anticoagulant therapy. The tissue valves, on the other hand, do not need long-term anticoagu lation but their long-term durability has not yet been proved to be equal to that of the mechanical valves.
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