Purpose: To determine the medium-term efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for hemoptysis. Materials and Methods: A total of 128 TAE were performed from April 1999 to April 2008 in 58 patients (30:28 F:M) with mean age of 49 (range:16-89). Major causes of hemoptysis included cystic fibrosis/bronchiectasis (24 of 58); lung metastasis (8 of 58); lung cancer (7 of 58); fungal infection (4 of 58). Follow-up was available in 57 of 58 for a median of 1.28 years. Primary and secondary efficacy of TAE for hemoptysis was calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results: Technical and clinical successes were estimated at 58 (100%) of 58 and 57 (98%) of 58, respectively. Recurrent hemoptysis occurred in 40% (23 of 58). In all, 34% (20 of 58) died during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier estimates for primary and secondary efficacy of TAE at 2, 4, 6, and 8 years were 0.82, 0.46, 0.17, and 0.09 (benign disease) and 0.30, 0, 0, and 0 (malignant disease), respectively. Conclusion: TAE is an effective treatment for hemoptysis in both short- and medium-terms, especially in benign lung disease.
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