Kevin J.Delaney and Rick Eckstein, Public Dollars, Private Stadiums: The Battle Over Building Sports Stadiums (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003), 3.
2.
Delaney and Eckstein, Public Dollars, Private Stadiums, 203.
3.
Norton E. Long, "The Local Community as an Ecology of Games,"American Journal of Sociology64 (1958): 251-61.
4.
For further reading on cultural consumption, see Sharon Zukin, The Culture of Cities (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1995). The term creative class is usually credited to Richard Florida in The Rise of the Creative Class: And How Its Transforming Work, Leisure, Community, and Everyday Life (New York: Basic Books, 2002).
5.
Larry Bennett and Costas Spirou.It’s Hardly Sportin’: Stadiums, Neighborhoods, and the New Chicago (DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press , 2003), 73.
6.
For example, see Brad R. Humphreys and Victor A. Matheson, "PILOTs and Public Policy: Steering through the Economic Ramifications,"College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics, Faculty Research Series , Paper No. 08-17, 2008. http://www.holycross.edu/departments/economics/RePEc/Matheson-Humphreys_PILOTS.pdf
7.
Delaney and Eckstein, Public Dollars, Private Stadiums, 206.
8.
Timothy Jon Curry, Kent Schwirian, and Rachael Woldoff, High Stakes: Big Time Sports and Downtown Redevelopment ( Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2004), 28.
9.
Bennett and Spirou, It’s Hardly Sportin’, 79.
10.
For a specific example of how the Pittsburgh teams control development, see "Group Files Deal to Block Land Deal on North Shore," Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, September 6, 2008. A general overview of the Pittsburgh stadium deals can be found in William Beaver, "Building Sports Stadiums in Pittsburgh: A Case Study in Urban Power Structures,"Sociological Focus34 (2001) 21-32.
11.
For more on CBAs, see Murtaza H. Baxamusa, "Empowering Communities through Deliberation: The Model of Community Benefits Agreements,"Journal of Planning Education and Research27, no. 3 (2008): 261-76.
