This article presents a command, indirect, for the estimation of effects of multiple treatments in the absence of randomized controlled trials for direct comparisons of interventions.
AvilésA., NamboM. J., NeriN., CastañedaC., CletoS., and Huerta-GuzmánJ.2007. Antitumor effect of zoledronic acid in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. Medical Oncology24: 227–230.
2.
BelchA. R., BergsagelD. E., WilsonK., O'ReillyS., WilsonJ., SuttonD., PaterJ., JohnstonD., and ZeeB.1991. Effect of daily etidronate on the osteolysis of multiple myeloma. Journal of Clinical Oncology9: 1397–1402.
3.
BerensonJ. R., LichtensteinA., PorterL., DimopoulosM. A., BordoniR., GeorgeS., LiptonA., KellerA., BallesterO., KovacsM., BlacklockH., BellR., Sime-oneJ. F., ReitsmaD. J., HeffernanM., SeamanJ., and KnightR. D.1998. Long-term pamidronate treatment of advanced multiple myeloma patients reduces skeletal events. Myeloma Aredia Study Group. Journal of Clinical Oncology16: 593–602.
4.
BrinckerH., WestinJ., AbildgaardN., GimsingP., TuressonI., HedenusM., FordJ., and KandraA.1998. Failure of oral pamidronate to reduce skeletal morbidity in multiple myeloma: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial. British Journal of Haematology101: 280–286.
5.
BucherH. C., GuyattG. H., GriffithL. E., and WalterS. D.1997. The results of direct and indirect treatment comparisons in meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology50: 638–691.
6.
CaldwellD. M., AdesA. E., and HigginsJ. P.2005. Simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments: Combining direct and indirect evidence. British Medical Journal331: 897–900.
7.
ChaimaniA., HigginsJ. P. T., MavridisD., SpyridonosP., and SalantiG.2013. Graphical tools for network meta-analysis in Stata. PLOS ONE8: e76654.
8.
DaragonA., HumezC., MichotC., Le LoetX., GrosboisB., PouyolF., Euller-ZieglerL., AzaisI., BernardJ. F., and MenardJ. F.1993. Treatment of multiple myeloma with etidronate: Results of a multicentre double-blind study. Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches sur le Myélome (GERM). European Journal of Medicine2: 449–452.
9.
DelmasP. D., CharhonS., ChapuyM. C., VignonE., BrianconD., EdouardC., and MeunierP. J.1982. Long-term effects of dichloromethylene diphosphonate (CI2MDP) on skeletal lesions in multiple myeloma. Metabolic Bone Disease and Related Research4: 163–168.
10.
GimsingP., CarlsonK., TuressonI., FayersP., WaageA., VangstedA., MylinA., GluudC., JuliussonG., GregersenH., Hjorth-HansenH., NesthusI., DahlI. M. S., WestinJ., NielsenJ. L., KnudsenL. M., AhlbergL., HjorthM., AbildgaardN., AndersenN. F., LinderO., and WisløffF.2010. Effect of pamidronate 30 mg versus 90 mg on physical function in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (Nordic Myeloma Study Group): A double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncology11: 973–982.
11.
GlennyA. M., AltmanD. G., SongF., SakarovitchC., DeeksJ. J., D'AmicoR., BradburnM., and EastwoodA. J.2005. Indirect comparisons of competing interventions. Health Technology Assessment9: 1–134.
12.
HarrisR. J., BradburnM. J., DeeksJ. J., HarbordR. M., AltmanD. G., and SterneJ. A. C.2008. metan: Fixed- and random-effects meta-analysis. Stata Journal8: 3–28.
13.
HoaglinD. C., HawkinsN., JansenJ. P., ScottD. A., ItzlerR., CappelleriJ. C., BoersmaC., ThompsonD., LarholtK. M., DiazM., and BarrettA.2011. Conducting indirect-treatment-comparison and network-meta-analysis studies: Report of the ISPOR Task Force on Indirect Treatment Comparisons Good Research Practices: Part 2. Value in Health14: 429–437.
14.
JansenJ. P., CrawfordB., BergmanG., and StamW.2008. Bayesian meta-analysis of multiple treatment comparisons: An introduction to mixed treatment comparisons. Value in Health11: 956–964.
15.
JansenJ. P., FleurenceR., DevineB., ItzlerR., BarrettA., HawkinsN., LeeK., BoersmaC., AnnemansL., and CappelleriJ. C.2011. Interpreting indirect treatment comparisons and network meta-analysis for healthcare decision making: Report of the ISPOR Task Force on Indirect Treatment Comparisons Good Research Practices: Part 1. Value in Health14: 417–428.
16.
KrajM., PoglódR., PawlikowskyJ., and MajS.2000. The effect of long-term pamidronate treatment on skeletal morbidity in advanced multiple myeloma. Acta Haematologica Polonica31: 379–389.
17.
LahtinenR., LaaksoM., PalvaI., ElomaaI., and VirkkunenP.1992. Randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre trial of clodronate in multiple myeloma. Lancet340: 1049–1052.
18.
LuG., and AdesA. E.2004. Combination of direct and indirect evidence in mixed treatment comparisons. Statistics in Medicine23: 3105–3124.
19.
LumleyT.2002. Network meta-analysis for indirect treatment comparisons. Statistics in Medicine21: 2313–2324.
20.
McCloskeyE. V., DunnJ. A., KanisJ. A., MacLennanI. C., and DraysonM. T.2001. Long-term follow-up of a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of clodronate in multiple myeloma. British Journal of Haematology113: 1035–1043.
21.
MenssenH. D., SakalováA., FontanaA., HerrmannZ., BoewerC., FaconT., LichinitserM. R., SingerC. R. J., Euller-ZieglerL., WetterwaldM., FiereD., HrubiskoM., ThielE., and DelmasP. D.2002. Effects of long-term intravenous ibandronate therapy on skeletal-related events, survival, and bone resorption markers in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Journal of Clinical Oncology20: 2353–2359.
22.
MhaskarR., RedzepovicJ., WheatleyK., ClarkO. A., MiladinovicB., GlasmacherA., KumarA., and DjulbegovicB.2012. Bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma: A network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews5: CD003188.
23.
MillsE. J., GhementI., O'ReganC., and ThorlundK.2011. Estimating the power of indirect comparisons: A simulation study. PLoS ONE6: e16237.
24.
MustoP., FalconeA., SanpaoloG., BodenizzaC., CascavillaN., MelilloL., ScalzulliP. R., Dell'OlioM., La SalaA., MantuanoS., NobileM., and CarellaA. M.2003. Pamidronate reduces skeletal events but does not improve progression-free survival in early-stage untreated myeloma: Results of a randomized trial. Journal of Leukemia and Lymphoma44: 1545–1548.
25.
O'ReganC., GhementI., EyawoO., GuyattG. H., and MillsE. J.2009. Incorporating multiple interventions in meta-analysis: An evaluation of the mixed treatment comparison with the adjusted indirect comparison. Trials10: 86.
26.
SalantiG., and SchmidC. H.2012. Research Synthesis Methods special issue on network meta-analysis: Introduction from the editors. Research Synthesis Methods3: 69–70.
27.
SongF., ClarkA., BachmannM. O., and MaasJ.2012. Simulation evaluation of statistical properties of methods for indirect and mixed treatment comparisons. BMC Medical Research Methodology12: 138.
28.
SongF., LokeY. K., WalshT., GlennyA.-M., EastwoodA. J., and AltmanD. G.2009. Methodological problems in the use of indirect comparisons for evaluating healthcare interventions: Survey of published systematic reviews. British Medical Journal338: b1147.
29.
TerposE., PalermosJ., TsionosK., AnargyrouK., ViniouN., PapassavasP., MeletisJ., and YataganasX.2000. Effect of pamidronate administration on markers of bone turnover and disease activity in multiple myeloma. European Journal of Haematology65: 331–336.
WhiteI. R., BarrettJ. K., JacksonD., and HigginsJ. P. T.2012. Consistency and inconsistency in network meta-analysis: Model estimation using multivariate meta-regression. Research Synthesis Methods3: 111–125.