Imported fire ants pose two primary threats to humans: the risk of anaphylaxis following
stings, and the potential for secondary infection of localized pustules that result from
stings. Additionally, fire ant products such as whole-body extract and venom can present
risks to laboratory personnel. Whether in concentrated form in the laboratory or retained
within the living animal, fire ant venom alkaloids and proteins are biological toxins with
potentially severe health effects. Several recommendations are given for minimizing the
risk of stings in the laboratory and field with the understanding that most experienced
workers are capable of assessing their own tolerance to stings and acting accordingly.
Since there are no fail-safe methods for avoiding fire ant stings, all workers who are
exposed to imported fire ants should be familiar with the symptoms of anaphylaxis and be
prepared to seek immediate medical assistance if they or their coworkers are stung and
show symptoms of hypersensitivity.
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