Influenza B virus is a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family which can infect humans and causes influenza. Although it is not pandemic like influenza A virus, it nevertheless affects millions of people worldwide annually. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. They play various important roles in cellular processes including response to viral infection. MiRNA profiles from our previous study suggested that miR-30e-3p was one of the upregulated miRNAs that responded to influenza B virus infection. In this study, in silico prediction and in vitro investigation proved that this miRNA can directly target NA and NP genes of the influenza B virus and inhibit its replication. This finding might be useful for using miRNA as an alternative therapeutics for influenza virus infection.
AmbrosV.microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential. Cell2001;
107:823–6
2.
AmbrosV.The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature2004;
431:350–5
3.
BartelDP.MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell2004;
116:281–97
4.
HwangHWMendellJT.MicroRNAs in cell proliferation, cell death, and tumorigenesis. Br J Cancer2007;
96(Suppl):R40–4
5.
LecellierCHDunoyerPArarKLehmann-CheJEyquemSHimberCSaibAVoinnetO.A cellular microRNA mediates antiviral defense in human cells. Science2005;
308:557–60
6.
JiangPZhouNChenXZhaoXLiDWangFBiLZhangD.Integrative analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs of pulmonary alveolar macrophages from piglets during H1N1 swine influenza a virus infection. Sci Rep2015;
5:8167
7.
ZhangHLiZLiYLiuYLiuJLiXShenTDuanYHuMXuD.A computational method for predicting regulation of human microRNAs on the influenza virus genome. BMC Syst Biol2013;
7:S3
8.
SongLLiuHGaoSJiangWHuangW.Cellular microRNAs inhibit replication of the H1N1 influenza a virus in infected cells. J Virol2010;
84:8849–60
9.
KhongnomnanKMakkochJPoomipakWPoovorawanYPayungpornS.Human miR-3145 inhibits influenza a viruses replication by targeting and silencing viral PB1 gene. Exp Biol Med2015;
240:1630–9
10.
MaYJYangJFanXLZhaoHBHuWLiZPYuGCDingXRWangJZBoXCZhengXFZhouZWangSQ.Cellular microRNA let-7c inhibits M1 protein expression of the H1N1 influenza a virus in infected human lung epithelial cells. J Cell Mol Med2012;
16:2539–46
11.
OsterhausADRimmelzwaanGFMartinaBEBestebroerTMFouchierRA.Influenza B virus in seals. Science2000;
288:1051–3
12.
RanZShenHLangYKolbEATuranNZhuLMaJBawaBLiuQLiuHQuastMSextonGKrammerFHauseBMChristopher-HenningsJNelsonEARichtJLiFMaW.Domestic pigs are susceptible to infection with influenza B viruses. J Virol2015;
89:4818–26
13.
KrystalMElliottRMBenzEWJr.YoungJFPaleseP.Evolution of influenza a and B viruses: conservation of structural features in the hemagglutinin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1982;
79:4800–4
14.
YenHLWebsterRG.Pandemic influenza as a current threat. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol2009;
333:3–24
15.
KrystalMYoungJFPalesePWilsonIASkehelJJWileyDC.Sequential mutations in hemagglutinins of influenza B virus isolates: definition of antigenic domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1983;
80:4527–31
16.
TambyahPASepramaniamSMohamed AliJChaiSCSwaminathanPArmugamAJeyaseelanK.microRNAs in circulation are altered in response to influenza a virus infection in humans. PLoS One2013;
8:e76811
17.
MakkochJPoomipakWSaengchoowongSKhongnomnanKPraianantathavornKJinatoTPoovorawanYPayungpornS.Human microRNAs profiling in response to influenza a viruses (subtypes pH1N1, H3N2, and H5N1). Exp Biol Med2016;
241:409–20
18.
KhongnomnanKPoomipakWPraianantathavornKSaengchoowongSPisitkunTPoovorawanYPayungpornS.Human MicroRNAs expression profiles in influenza B Virus-Infected cells based on illumina MiSeq platform. MicroRNA2018;
7:204–14
19.
MeiQLiXMengYWuZGuoMZhaoYFuXHanW.A facile and specific assay for quantifying microRNA by an optimized RT-qPCR approach. PLoS One2012;
7:e46890
20.
SuwannakarnKPayungpornSChieochansinTSamransamruajkitRAmonsinASongsermTChaisinghAChamnanpoodPChutinimitkulSTheamboonlersAPoovorawanY.Typing (a/B) and subtyping (H1/H3/H5) of influenza a viruses by multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays. J Virol Methods2008;
152:25–31
21.
BrenneckeJStarkARussellRBCohenSM.Principles of microRNA-target recognition. PLoS Biol2005;
3:e85
22.
RehmsmeierMSteffenPHochsmannMGiegerichR.Fast and effective prediction of microRNA/target duplexes. RNA2004;
10:1507–17
23.
JiangLLinCSongLWuJChenBYingZFangLYanXHeMLiJLiM.MicroRNA-30e* promotes human glioma cell invasiveness in an orthotopic xenotransplantation model by disrupting the NF-kappaB/IkappaBalpha negative feedback loop. J Clin Invest2012;
122:33–47
24.
TanKSChoiHJiangXYinLSeetJEPatzelVEngelwardBPChowVT.Micro-RNAs in regenerating lungs: an integrative systems biology analysis of murine influenza pneumonia. BMC Genom2014;
15:587
25.
ChartoumpekisDVZaravinosAZirosPGIskrenovaRPPsyrogiannisAIKyriazopoulouVEHabeosIG.Differential expression of microRNAs in adipose tissue after long-term high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. PLoS One2012;
7:e34872
SaundersAMSwayneLCSchwartzJRMoritzMW.Mediastinal mass following esophageal surgery. N J Med1991;
88:571–2
28.
LeeHParkCSDeftereosGMoriharaJSternJEHawesSESwisherEKiviatNBFengQ.MicroRNA expression in ovarian carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features. World J Surg Oncol2012;
10:174
29.
SugiharaHIshimotoTWatanabeMSawayamaHIwatsukiMBabaYKomoharaYTakeyaMBabaH.Identification of miR-30e* regulation of Bmi1 expression mediated by tumor-associated macrophages in gastrointestinal cancer. PLoS One2013;
8:e81839
30.
WangXTWuXDLuYXSunYHZhuHHLiangJBHeWKZengZYLiL.Potential involvement of MiR-30e-3p in myocardial injury induced by coronary microembolization via autophagy activation. Cell Physiol Biochem2017;
44:1995–2004
