The development of wound healing impairment mainly represents challenging clinical problems. The less and high concentrations of nitric oxide can influence angiogenesis, remodeling, and proliferation of skin cells. Delayed acute wounds generally have failed to progress via the normal stages of healing. Such wounds usually enter a state of pathological inflammation due to a postponed, incomplete, and uncoordinated healing process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of normal bone marrow cells (BMCs) and preconditioning of BMCs with minimum concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (NaNP) solution for acute wound healing. For acute wound healing, full-thickness dorsal wounds were created on rabbits. The acute wound of rabbits was treated with BMCs and preactivated BMCs with NaNP. Histological results showed that BMCs preactivated with NaNP could improve collagen deposition, enhanced reepithelization, and decreased inflammatory infiltration. Overall, BMCs treated with NaNP can help to improve acute wound healing in rabbits. The result strongly confirmed the beneficial effect in augmenting the wound healing process. The combination of BMCs with NaNP was safe and convenient for acute wound healing.
SamantaRPattnaikAKPradhanKKMehtaBKPattanayakSPBanerjeeS. Wound healing activity of silibinin in mice. Pharmacogn resech. 2016;8(4):298.
2.
WongVWGurtnerGCLongakerMT. Wound healing: a paradigm for regeneration. Mayo Clin Proc; 2013: Elsevier; 2013. p. 1022-1031.
3.
VelnarTBaileyTSmrkoljV. The wound healing process: an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Journal of Inter Medi Res. 2009;37(5):1528-1542.
4.
NguyenVT. Mechanisms of delayed wound healing in various models of human diseases: Paris 6; 2015.
5.
BaoPKodraATomic-CanicMGolinkoMSEhrlichHPBremH. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in wound healing. J Surg Res. 2009;153(2):347-358.
6.
BadiavasEVAbediMButmarcJFalangaVQuesenberryP. Participation of bone marrow derived cells in cutaneous wound healing. J Cell Physiol.2003;196(2):245-250.
7.
IchiokaSKourabaSSekiyaNOhuraNNakatsukaT. Bone marrow-impregnated collagen matrix for wound healing: experimental evaluation in a microcirculatory model of angiogenesis, and clinical experience. Br J Plast Surg. 2005;58(8):1124-1130.
8.
BadiavasEV. The potential of bone marrow cells to orchestrate homeostasis and healing in skin. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2004;32(1):21-23.
9.
FathkeCWilsonLHutterJ, et al. Contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to skin: collagen deposition and wound repair. Stem Cells. 2004;22(5):812-822.
10.
BadiavasEVAbediMButmarcJFalangaVQuesenberryP. Participation of bone marrow derived cells in cutaneous wound healing. J Cell. 2003;196(2):245-250.
11.
SoaresMBLimaRSRochaLL, et al. Transplanted bone marrow cells repair heart tissue and reduce myocarditis in chronic Chagas mice. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004;164(2):441-447.
12.
WernerSGroseR. Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines. Physiol Rev.2003;83(3):835-870.
13.
SmilerDGSoltanMSoltanCMatthewsC. Growth factors and gene expression of stem cells: bone marrow compared with peripheral blood. Implant Dent.2010;19(3):229-240.
14.
RezaiNPodorTJMcManusBM. Bone marrow cells in the repair and modulation of heart and blood vessels: emerging opportunities in native and engineered tissue and biomechanical materials. Artif Organs. 2004;28(2):142-151.
15.
BurdonTJPaulANoiseuxNPrakashSShum-TimD. Bone marrow stem cell derived paracrine factors for regenerative medicine: current perspectives and therapeutic potential. J Bone Marrow Res. 2011;207326:1-14.
NapoliCPaolissoGCasamassimiA, et al. Effects of nitric oxide on cell proliferation: novel insights. J Am Coll Cardiol.2013;62(2):89-95.
21.
KumarBK. evaluation of nitric oxide donors in experimental atherosclerosis and associated nephropathy in c57bl/6j mice. KrishiKosh (An Institutional Repository of Indian National Agricultural Research System). 2017;18(2): 539–550.
22.
GopalAKantVGopalakrishnanATandanSKKumarD. Chitosan-based copper nanocomposite accelerates healing in excision wound model in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;731:8-19.
23.
ZhangWWangYSuiXSunYChenD. Effects of chitin and sepia ink hybrid sponge on the healing of burning wound rats and its impact on macrophages in vitro. Acta Cir Bras. 2016;31(2):119-125.
24.
Labrousse-AriasDMartínez-RuizACalzadaMJ. Hypoxia and redox signaling on extracellular matrix remodeling: from mechanisms to pathological implications. Antioxid Redox Sign. 2017;27(12):802-822.
25.
SiesHBerndtCJonesDP. Oxidative stress. Annu Rev Biochem. 2017;86:715–748.
26.
KaleSKarihalooAClarkPRKashgarianMKrauseDSCantleyLG. Bone marrow stem cells contribute to repair of the ischemically injured renal tubule. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(1):42-49.
27.
Rodriguez-MenocalLShareefSSalgadoMShabbirAVan BadiavasE. Role of whole bone marrow, whole bone marrow cultured cells, and mesenchymal stem cells in chronic wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2015;6(1):24.
28.
BorueXLeeSGroveJ, et al. Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to epithelial engraftment during wound healing. Am J Pathol.2004;165(5):1767-1772.
29.
BarthlenWKlemensCRogenhoferSStadlerJUnbehaunNHolzmannB. Critical role of nitric oxide for proliferation and apoptosis of bone-marrow cells under septic conditions. Ann Hematol. 2000;79(5):249-254.
30.
FuselerJWValarmathiMT. Nitric oxide modulates postnatal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell migration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2016;4:133.
31.
PangCIbrahimABulstrodeNWFerrettiP. An overview of the therapeutic potential of regenerative medicine in cutaneous wound healing. Int Wound J. 2017;14(3):450-459.
32.
FörstermannUXiaNLiH. Roles of vascular oxidative stress and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2017;120(4):713-735.
33.
BahnsonESKassamHAMoyerTJ, et al. Targeted nitric oxide delivery by supramolecular nanofibers for the prevention of restenosis after arterial injury. Antioxid Redox Sign. 2016;24(8):401-418.
34.
PosadasITerencioMCGuillénI, et al. Co-regulation between cyclo-oxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the time-course of murine inflammation. N-s Arch Pharmacol. 2000;361(1):98-106.
La TorreCCinqueBLombardiF, et al. Nitric oxide chemical donor affects the early phases of In vitro wound healing process. J Cell. 2016;231(10):2185-2195.
37.
KalyanaramanHRamdaniGPilzRB. Targeting NO signaling for the treatment of osteoporosis. Curr Med Chem. 2016;23(24):2746-2753.
38.
GaoJZhengWZhangJ, et al. Enzyme-controllable delivery of nitric oxide from a molecular hydrogel. Chem Commun. 2013;49(80):9173-9175.
39.
PunjabiCLaskinDHeckDLaskinJ. Production of nitric oxide by murine bone marrow cells. Inverse correlation with cellular proliferation. J Immunol. 1992;149(6):2179-2184.
40.
KuoCKTuanRS. Mechanoactive tenogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Eng, Part A.2008;14(10):1615-1627.
41.
NguyenDOrgillDMurphyG. The pathophysiologic basis for wound healing and cutaneous regeneration. Biomater Treating Skin Loss.2009:25-57.
42.
GroveJEBrusciaEKrauseDS. Plasticity of bone marrow-derived stem cells. Stem Cells. 2004;22(4):487-500.
43.
SunZWilliamsGM. Skin wound healing: skin regeneration with pharmacological mobilized stem cells. In Situ Tiss Regen.2016:345-368.
44.
BorueXLeeSGroveJ, et al. Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to epithelial engraftment during wound healing. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004;165(5):1767-1772.
45.
CraftAMJohnsonM. From stem cells to human development: a distinctly human perspective on early embryology, cellular differentiation and translational research. J Dev. 2017;144(1):12-16.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
