This article continues Tomaselli's Kalahari story on issues of representation, research methodology, and reverse cultural studies. He discusses relationships between observers and observed in terms of dependency, inclusions/exclusions, and borders and Othering. Continuing with an auto-ethnography, Tomaselli reflexively analyzes tensions and contradictions set in motion by the writing of this article within both the San communities themselves and between himself, development, and other agencies working in one of these areas. Questions addressed relate to ownership of information, the relationship between the local/particular and the national/policy, and how to ensure campfire dissemination/involvement of the written product.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ashley, C., Goodwin, H., & Roe, D. (2001). Pro-poor tourism strategies: Making tourism work for the poor. London: Overseas Development Institute.
2.
Bester, R., & Buntman, B. (1999, Winter). Bushman(ia) and photographic intervention. African Arts, 50-59, 93-94.
3.
Boloka, G. (2001). Porous borders and the changing geography of social relations: Encountering the `other'. In K. G. Tomaselli & H. Dunn (Eds.), Media, democracy and renewal in Southern Africa (pp. 281-296). Denver, CO: International Academic Publishers.
4.
Buntman, B. (1996a). Bushman images in South African tourist advertising: The case of Kagga Kamma. In P. Skotnes (Ed.), Miscast: Negotiating the presence of the Bushmen (pp. 271-180). Cape Town, South Africa: University of Cape Town Press.
5.
Buntman, B. (1996b). Selling with the San: Representations of Bushmen people and artefacts in South African print advertisements. Visual Anthropology, 8(1), 33-54.
6.
Chamberlin, J. E. (2001). Hunting, tracking, reading. In J. Brockmeier, D. R. Olson, & M. Wang (Eds.), Literary, narrative and culture (pp. 67-85). London: Curzon Press.
7.
Chennells, R. (2001, November 6). The ≠ Khomani San Constitution crisis: Issues around the traditional leader (Mimeo). Cape Town, South Africa: Author.
8.
Crawhall, N. (1999). San and Khoe identity challenging post apartheid South Africa. In G. Maharaj (Ed.), Between unity and diversity: Essays on nation-building in post-apartheid South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: David Phillip and IDASA (Institute for Democracy in South Africa).
9.
Crawhall, N. (2000, May 15-18). Reflections on GIS as a tool for mobilising indigenous knowledge: Mapping the San world in Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Paper presented at the Towards Best Practices Conference in Kruger National Park, South Africa.
10.
Crowe, D. (2003). Objectivity, photography and ethnography. In this issue of Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, 3(4), 470-485.
11.
Denzin, N. (1998). That psychiatrist. In N. Denzin (Ed.), Cultural studies: A research volume (pp. 281-284). London: JAI Publishing.
12.
Donnelly, D. (2001). Media and democracy in Botswana: The kgotla and globalisation. In K. G. Tomaselli & H. Dunn (Eds.), Media, democracy and renewal in Southern Africa (pp. 269-280). Denver, CO: International Academic Publishers.
13.
Ellis, W. (2000, October 18-20). Domains of trust in the Southern Kalahari: Production of knowledge, authenticity and community heterogeneity. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Contested Resources: Challenges of Natural Resources at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
14.
Ellis, W. (2002). Negotiation and exchange as part of the research encounter: Ethical and methodological issues of fieldwork amongst the ≠Khomani San (Mimeo). Cape Town, South Africa: Author.
15.
Gordon, R. (1990, Spring). People of the Great Sandface: People of the Great White Lie. CVA Review, 34-47.
16.
Hawthorne, P. (2001, August 6). The hunter-litigators: Southern Africa's San tribes are challenging the right of commercial interests to profit at their expense. Time.
Kerr, D. (2001). Media democracy in Botswana: The kgotla as myth, practice and post-colonial communication paradigm. In K. G. Tomaselli & H. Dunn (Eds.), Media, democracy and renewal in Southern Africa (pp. 255-268). Denver, CO: International Academic Publishers.
19.
Kohn, N. (1994). Glancing off a postmodern wall: A visit to the making of Zulu Dawn. Studies in Symbolic Interactionism, 16, 85-106.
20.
Kohn, N. (1996). Hail the conquering hero! Visual Anthropology, 9, 41-51.
21.
Marshall Thomas, E. (1959). The harmless people. New York: Vintage.
22.
Mascelli, J. (1998). The five c's of cinematography: Motion picture filming techniques. Los Angeles: Silman-James Press.
23.
McLennan-Dodd, V. (2003). Hotel Kalahari: “You can check out any time you like, but you can never leave.” Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, 3(4), 448-469.
24.
Myburgh, P. (Director). (1985). People of the Great Sandface [Anglia TV Survival Series].
25.
Myburgh, P. (1989, Fall). Paul Myburgh talks on People of the Great Sandface: An interview with Keyan Tomaselli. CVA Review, 26-31.
26.
Pratt, M. L. (1999). Arts of the contact zone. In D. Bartholomae & A. Petroksky (Eds.), Ways of reading. New York: St. Martin's.
Simoes, A. (2001a). Issues of identity in relation to the Kalahari Bushmen of Southern Africa: A comparative analysis of two different Bushmen groups during the late 1990s and into 2001. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa.
30.
Simoes, A. (2001b). A local encounter on a global landscape: A critique of Gibson Boloka's Encountering the “Other”. In K. G. Tomaselli & H. Dunn (Eds.), Media, democracy and renewal in Southern Africa (pp. 297-309). Denver, CO: International Academic Publishers.
31.
Speeter, S. (2000). Construction of the past and indigenous time concepts of the Ju/Hoansi San. BAB Working Paper(5).
32.
Tomaselli, K. G. (Ed.). (1995). Recuperating the San [Theme issue]. Critical Arts.
33.
Tomaselli, K. G. (1996). Appropriating Images. Højbjerg, Denmark: Intervention Press.
34.
Tomaselli, K. G. (1999). Encounters in the Kalahari [Theme issue]. Visual Anthropology. 12(2-3).
35.
Tomaselli, K. G. (2001a). Blue is Hot, Red is Cold: Doing Reverse Cultural Studies in Africa. Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, 1(3), 283-318.
36.
Tomaselli, K. G. (2001b). Contradictory Subjectivity: Movies, Apartheid and Postmodernism. Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, 1(2), 139-156.
37.
Uys, J. (Director). (1980). The Gods Must be Crazy [Motion Picture]. United States: Mimosa/Trimark.
Waldron, R. (Producer, Director, Writer). (2001). Hunt or Die [Motion picture]. Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa: Wild Dog Productions.
40.
Wang, C. (2002). Is pro-poor tourism viable? Cultural tourism as sustainable development in Zulu and Bushman communities. Unpublished master's dissertation, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa.
41.
Wawman, R. (Producer). (1995). Hunters of the Kalahari [Television program]. Discovery Channel.
42.
Weinberg, P. (1997). In search of the San. Johannesburg, South Africa: Porcupine Press.
43.
Weinberg, P. (2000a, Spring). Bester and Buntman's article: Bushmaniac responds. African Arts, 9-11.
44.
Weinberg, P. (2000b) Once we were warriors. Cape Town, South Africa: David Philip.
45.
White, H. (1995). In the tradition of the forefathers: Bushman traditionality at Kagga Kamma. Cape Town, South Africa: University of Cape Town Press.
46.
Working Group of Indigenous Minorities in Southern Africa (WIMSA). (April 2000-March 2001). Report on Activities. Windhoek, Namibia: WIMSA.
