This article compares the impact of unionization on changes in municipal employment, salaries, and personnel expenditures for growing and declining cities. Between 1974 and 1984, unions appear to have had similar impacts on small, medium, and large cities experiencing either stress or growth. Unions accelerated salary growth but retarded the expansion of employment.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ashenfelter, O. (1971) "The impact of unionization on wages in the public sector: the case of firefighters." Industrial and Labor Relations Rev.24 (January): 191-202.
2.
Baumol, W.J. (1967) "Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of urban crisis." Amer. Econ. Rev.57 (June): 415-426.
3.
Clark, T.N. and L.C. Ferguson (1983) City Money. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
4.
Courant, P.N., E.M. Gramlich, and D.L. Rubinfeld (1979) "Public employee market power and the level of government spending." Amer. Econ. Rev.69 (December): 806-817.
5.
Edwards, L.N. and F.R. Edwards (1982) "Wellington-Winter revisited: the case of municipal sanitation collectors." Industrial and Labor Relations Rev.3 (April): 307-318.
6.
Ehrenberg, R.C. (1972) The Demand for State and Local Government Employees . Lexington, MA: Lexington Books .
7.
Ehrenberg, R.C. (1973) "Municipal government structure, unionization, and the wages of firefighters." Industrial and Labor Relations Rev.27 (October): 36-48.
8.
Ehrenberg, R.C. and G.S. Goldstein (1975) "A model of public sector wage determination." J. of Urban Economics2 (July): 223-245.
9.
Freund, J.L. (1974) "Market and union influences on municipal employee wages." Industrial and Labor Relations Rev.27 (April): 391-404.
10.
Hall, W.C. and B. Vanderporten (1977) "Unionization, monopsony power, and police salaries." Industrial Relations16 (February): 94-100.
11.
Harris, C. W. [ed.] (1963) Problems in Measuring Change. Madison: Univ. of Wisconsin Press.
12.
Hunter, W.J. and C.H. Rankin (1988) "The composition of public sector compensation: the effects of unionization and bureaucratic size."J. of Labor Research9 (Winter): 29-42.
13.
Judd, D.R. (1988) The Politics of American Cities, 3rd ed. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
14.
Karper, M.D. and D.J. Meckstroth (1976) "The impact of unionism on public wage rates." Public Personnel Management5 (September-October): 343-346.
15.
Katz, H.C. (1979) "The municipal budgetary response to changing labor costs: the case of San Francisco." Industrial and Labor Relations Rev.32 (July): 506-519.
16.
Kearney, R.C. (1984) Labor Relations in the Public Sector. New York: Marcel Dekker.
17.
Kearney, R.C. and D.R. Morgan (1980) "The effect of employee organizations on the compensation of police officers." J. of Collective Negotiations9: 17-31.
18.
Lineberry, R.L. and E.P. Fowler (1967) "Reformism and public policy in American cities ." Amer. Pol. Sci. Rev.61 (September): 701-716.
19.
Neter, J. and W. Wasserman (1974) Applied Linear Statistical Models. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
20.
Smith, R.L. and W. Lyons (1980) "The impact of fire fighter unionization on wages and working hours in American cities." Public Admin. Rev.40 (November/December): 568-574.
21.
Stein, L. (1982) Field Notes, January-March. Charlotte, MI: Eaton County Department of Social Services .
22.
Stein, R.M. (1984) "Municipal public employment: an examination of intergovernmental influences." Amer. J. of Pol. Sci.28 (November): 636-653.
23.
Weitzman, J. (1979) City Workers and Fiscal Crisis: Cutbacks, Givebacks, and Survival: A Study of the New York City Experience. New Brunswick, NJ: Institute of Management and Labor Relations, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
24.
Wellington, H.H. and R.K. Winter (1971) The Unions and the Cities. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
