Self-Control and Its Discontents: A Commentary on Duckworth,Milkman,and Laibson

Angeletos G. Laibson D. Repetto A. Tobacman J. Weinberg S. (2001). The hyperbolic consumption model: Calibration, simulation, and empirical evaluation. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, 47–68. doi:10.1257/jep.15.3.47

Berns G. S. Chappelow J. Cekic M. Zink C. F. Pagnoni G. Martin-Skurski M. E. (2006). Neurobiological substrates of dread. Science, 312, 754–758. doi:10.1126/science.1123721

Beshears J. Choi J. J. Laibson D. Madrian B. C. (2018, July). Potential vs. realized savings under automatic enrollment. Retrieved from the TIAA Institute web site: https://www.tiaainstitute.org/sites/default/files/presentations/2018-07/Potential%20vs%20Realized%20Savings_Beshears_July%202018.pdf

Butrica B. A. Karmacheva N. S. (2018). Automatic enrollment and its relation to the incidence and distribution of DC plan contributions: Evidence from a national survey of older workers. The Journal of Consumer Affairs. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/joca.12223

Chou S.-Y. Grossman M. Saffer H. (2004). An economic analysis of adult obesity: Results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Journal of Health Economics, 23, 565–587. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.10.003

Cutler D. M. Glaeser E. L. Shapiro J. M. (2003). Why have Americans become more obese? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17, 93–118. doi:10.1257/089533003769204371

Deloitte Consulting. (2015). Annual defined contribution benchmarking survey: Ease of use drives engagement in saving for retirement. Retrieved from https://www.iscebs.org/documents/pdf/15dcbenchmarking.pdf

Duckworth A. L. Laibson D. Milkman K. L. (2018). Beyond willpower: Strategies for reducing failures of self-control. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 19, 102–129. doi:10.1177/1529100618821893

Finkelstein E. A. Ruhm C. J. Kosa K. M. (2005). Economic causes and consequences of obesity. Annual Review of Public Health, 26, 239–257. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144628

Fryar C. D. Carroll M. D. Ogden C. L. (2016). Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity among adults aged 20 and over: United States, 1960–1962 through 2013–2014. National Center for Health Statistics E-Stats. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_adult_13_14/obesity_adult_13_14.htm

Gabaix X. Laibson D. (2006). Shrouded attributes, consumer myopia, and information suppression in competitive markets. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121, 505–540. doi:10.1162/qjec.2006.121.2.505

Ghilarducci T. Fisher B. Radpour S. Webb A. (2016). Policy options for cutting retirement plan leakages. Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis and Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research, Policy Note Series. Retrieved from https://www.economicpolicyresearch.org/media/k2/attachments/Policy_Options_for_Cutting_Retirement_Plan_Leakages.pdf

Haws K. L. Poynor C. (2008). Seize the day! Encouraging indulgence for the hyperopic consumer. Journal of Consumer Research, 35, 680–691. doi:10.1086/592129

Heidhues P. Koszegi B. Murooka T. (2017). Inferior products and profitable deception. Review of Economic Studies, 84, 323–356. doi:10.1093/restud/rdw037

Hsee C. K. Abelson R. P. (1991). The velocity relation: Satisfaction as a function of the first derivative of outcome over time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 341–347. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.341

Imas A. Kuhn M. A. Mironova V. (2018). Waiting to choose. Retrieved from https://static1.squarespace.com/static/57967bc7cd0f68048126361d/t/5bf9d59b562fa7c95de4172e/1543099807624/Waiting+To+Choose.pdf

Kivetz R. Keinan A. (2006). Repenting hyperopia: An analysis of self-control regrets. Journal of Consumer Research, 33, 273–282. doi:10.1086/506308

Kivetz R. Simonson I. (2002). Self-control for the righteous: Toward a theory of precommitment to indulgence. Journal of Consumer Research, 29, 199–217. doi:10.1086/341571

Loewenstein G. (1987). Anticipation and the valuation of delayed consumption. The Economic Journal, 97, 666–684. doi:10.2307/2232929

Loewenstein G. (1996). Out of control: Visceral influences on behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 65, 272–292. doi:10.1006/obhd.1996.0028

Loewenstein G. Cryder C. E. Benartzi S. Previtero A. (2012). Addition by division: Partitioning real accounts for financial well-being. In Mick D. G. Pettigrew S. Pechmann C. Ozanne J. L. (Eds.), Transformative consumer research for personal and collective well-being (pp. 413–422). New York, NY: Routledge Academic.

Loewenstein G. O’Donoghue T. Bhatia S. (2015). Modeling the interplay between affect and deliberation. Decision, 2(2), 55–81. doi:10.1037/dec0000029

Loewenstein G. Prelec D. (1993). Preferences for sequences of outcomes. Psychological Review, 100, 91–108. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.100.1.91

Madrian B. C. Shea D. F. (2001). The power of suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) participation and savings behavior. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116, 1149–1187. doi:10.1162/003355301753265543

Martínez-González M. Á. Alfredo Martínez J. Hu F. B. Gibney M. J. Kearney J. (1999). Physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle and obesity in the European Union. International Journal of Obesity, 23, 1192–1201. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801049

McClure S. M. Laibson D. I. Loewenstein G. Cohen J. D. (2004). Separate neural systems value immediate and delayed monetary rewards. Science, 304, 503–507. doi:10.1126/science.1100907

Nielsen S. J. Popkin B. M. (2003). Patterns and trends in food portion sizes, 1977-1998. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 450–453.

Prelec D. Loewenstein G. (1998). The red and the black: Mental accounting of savings and debt. Marketing Science, 17, 4–28. doi:10.1287/mksc.17.1.4

Rick S. Cryder C. Loewenstein G. (2008). Tightwads and spendthrifts. Journal of Consumer Research, 34, 767–782. doi:10.1086/523285

Ross W. T. Jr. Simonson I. (1991). Evaluations of pairs of experiences: A preference for happy endings. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 4, 273–282. doi:10.1002/bdm.3960040405

Schor J. B. (1991). The overworked American: The unexpected decline of leisure. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Scottl K. S. Moore K. S. Miceli M. P. (1997). An exploration of the meaning and consequences of workaholism. Human Relations, 50, 287–314. doi:10.1177/001872679705000304

Shapiro J. M. (2005). Is there a daily discount rate? Evidence from the food stamp nutritional cycle. Journal of Public Economics, 89, 303–325. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2004.05.003.

Story G. W. Vlaev I. Seymour B. Winston J. S. Darzi A. Dolan R. J. (2013). Dread and the disvalue of future pain. PLOS Computational Biology, 9(11), Article e1003335. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003335

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2019). Personal saving rate [PSAVERT]. FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Retrieved from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PSAVERT

U.S. Census Bureau. (2017). Current population survey. Historical income tables. Table H-1. Income limits for each fifth and top 5 percent. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-income-households.html

White M. J. (2007). Bankruptcy reform and credit cards. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21, 175–200. doi:10.1257/jep.21.4.175

Young L. R. Nestle M. (2002). The contribution of expanding portion sizes to the US obesity epidemic. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 246–249. doi:10.2105/AJPH.92.2.246