This article assesses the sporting performance of Spanish professional football teams at competition level, namely, League, King’s Cup, and European competitions (Champions League and Union of European Football Associations [UEFA] Cup). Then, the gap between the result obtained by a team at the end of a season and that expected according to its potential is used as a proxy of the degree of satisfaction that fans should feel: the narrower the gap the greater the level of satisfaction. Regarding methodology, Data Envelopment Analysis techniques and directional distance functions are used. Results reveal that most teams perform rather differently across competitions, the lower average performance corresponding to the King’s Cup.
Ascari, G., & Gagnepain, P. ( 2006). Spanish football. Journal of Sports Economics , 7, 76-89.
2.
Banker, R.D., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W.W. ( 1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Management Science, 30, 1078-1092.
3.
Barros, C.P., del Corral, J., & Garcia-del-Barrio, P. (2008). Identification of segments of soccer clubs in the Spanish League First Division with a latent class model . Journal of Sports Economics, 9, 451-469.
4.
Barros, C.P., & García-del-Barrio, P. (2008). Efficiency measurement of the English football Premier League with a random frontier model. Economic Modelling, 25, 994-1002.
5.
Barros, C.P., García-del-Barrio, P., & Leach, S. ( 2008). Analysing the technical efficiency of the Spanish Football League First Division with a random frontier model. Applied Economics. DOI: 10.1080/00036840701765379.
6.
Barros, C.P., & Leach, S. ( 2006a). Performance evaluation of the English Premier Football League with Data Envelopment Analysis. Applied Economics, 38, 1449-1458.
7.
Barros, C.P., & Leach, S. ( 2006b). Analysing the performance of the English F.A. Premier League with an econometric frontier model. Journal of Sport Economics, 7, 391-407.
8.
Barros, C.P., & Leach, S. ( 2007). Technical efficiency in the English Football Association Premier League with a stochastic cost frontier. Applied Economics Letter, 14, 731-741.
9.
Boscá, J.E., Liern, V., Martínez, A., & Sala, R. ( 2008). The Spanish football crisis. European Sport Management Quarterly, 8, 165-177.
10.
Boscá, J.E., Liern, V., Martínez, A., & Sala, R. ( 2009). Increasing offensive or defensive efficiency? An analysis of Italian and Spanish football. Omega, 37, 63-78.
11.
Carmichael, F., Thomas, D., & Ward, R. ( 2000). Team performance: The case of English premiership soccer . Managerial and Decision Economics, 21, 31-45.
12.
Charnes, A., Clark, C.T., Cooper, W.W., & Golany, B. ( 1985). A developmental study of Data Envelopment Analysis in measuring the efficiency of maintenance units in the US air forces. Annals of Operations Research, 2, 95-112.
13.
Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W., & Rhodes, E. ( 1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.
14.
Coates, D., & Harrison, T. ( 2005). Baseball strikes and the demand for attendance. Journal of Sports Economics, 6, 282-302.
15.
Cooper, W.W., Seiford, L., & Tone, K. ( 2007). Data envelopment analysis: A comprehensive text with models, applications, references and DEA-Solver software. Boston: Springer Verlag.
16.
Dawson, P., Dobson, S., & Gerrad, B. ( 2000a). Estimating coaching efficiency in professional team sports: Evidence from English association football. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 47, 399-421.
17.
Dawson, P., Dobson, S., & Gerrad, B. ( 2000b). Stochastic frontiers and the temporal structure of managerial efficiency in English soccer. Journal of Sports Economics , 1, 341-362.
18.
Deloitte. (2008a). Annual review of football finance. United Kingdom.
19.
Deloitte. (2008b). Football money league. United Kingdom.
20.
Dobson, S.M., & Goddard, J.A. ( 1998). Performance and revenue in professional league football: Evidence from Granger causality tests. Applied Economics, 30, 1641-1651.
21.
Donihue, M.R., Findlay, D.W., & Newberry, P.W. (2007). An analysis of attendance at Major League Baseball spring training games. Journal of Sports Economics, 8, 39-61.
22.
Espitia-Escuer, M., & García-Cebrián, L.I. (2004). Measuring the efficiency of Spanish First-Division soccer teams. Journal of Sports Economics, 5, 329-346.
23.
Espitia-Escuer, M., & García-Cebrián, L.I. (2006). Performance in sports teams. Results and potential in the professional soccer league in Spain. Management Decision, 44, 1020-1030.
24.
Espitia-Escuer, M., & García-Cebrián, L.I. (2008). Measuring the productivity of Spanish First Division soccer teams. European Sport Management Quarterly, 8, 229-246.
25.
Färe, R., & Grosskopf, S. ( 2000). Theory and application of directional distance functions . Journal of Productivity Analysis, 13, 93-103.
26.
Färe, R., & Lovell, C.A.K. (1978). Measuring the technical efficiency of production. Journal of Economic Theory, 19, 150-162.
27.
Fizel, J.L., & D’Itri, M.P. (1997). Managerial efficiency, managerial succession and organizational performance. Managerial and Decision Economics, 18, 295-308.
28.
Forrest, D., & Simmons, R. ( 2002). Team salaries and playing success in sports: A comparative perspective. Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft, 62, 221-237.
29.
Forrest, D., & Simmons, R. ( 2006). New issues in attendance demand: The case of the English Football League. Journal of Sports Economics, 7, 247-266.
30.
García, J., & Rodríguez, P. (2002). The determinants of football match attendance revisited: Empirical evidence the Spanish Football League . Journal of Sports Economics, 3, 18-38.
31.
García-Sánchez, I.M. (2007). Efficiency and effectiveness of Spanish football teams: A three-stage-DEA approach. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 15, 21-45.
32.
Haas, D.J. ( 2003a). Technical efficiency in Major League Soccer. Journal of Sports Economics, 4, 203-215.
33.
Haas, D.J. ( 2003b). Productive efficiency of English football teams: A data envelopment approach. Managerial and Decision Economics, 24, 403-410.
34.
Haas, D.J., Kocher, M.G., & Sutter, M. ( 2004). Measuring efficiency of German football teams by Data Envelopment Analysis. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 12, 251-268.
35.
Hadley, L., Poitras, M., Ruggiero, J., & Knowles, S. ( 2000). Performance evaluation of National Football League teams . Managerial and Decision Economics, 21, 63-70.
36.
Hofler, R.A., & Payne, J.E. ( 1997). Measuring efficiency in the National Basketball Association . Economic Letters, 55, 293-299.
37.
Kahane, L.H. ( 2005). Production efficiency and discriminatory hiring practices in the National Hockey League: A stochastic frontier approach. Review of Industrial Organization, 27, 47-71.
38.
Leadley, J.C., & Zygmont, Z.X. ( 2005). When is the honeymoon over? National Basketball Association attendance 1971-2000. Journal of Sports Economics, 6, 203-221.
39.
Liga de Fútbol Profesional. (2004). Impacto del fútbol profesional en la economía española . LFP. Madrid. Spain. Retrieved April 2008, from http://www.lfp.es/publicaciones/informes/informe1.htm
40.
Liga de Fútbol Profesional. (2007). Memoria de la liga de fútbol profesional. Madrid , Spain. Retrieved April 2008 from http://www.lfp.es.
41.
Oliver, R.L. ( 1997). Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer . Boston: McGraw-Hill.
42.
Peterson, R.A., & Wilson, W.R. ( 1992). Measuring customer satisfaction: Fact and artefact. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 20, 61-71.
43.
Rottenberg, S. ( 1956). The baseball player’s labor-market. Journal of Political Economy, 64, 242-258.
44.
Scully, G.W. ( 1974). Pay and performance in Major League Baseball. American Economic Review, 64, 915-930.
45.
Shephard, R.W. ( 1970). Theory of cost and production functions. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
46.
Szymanski, S., & Kuypers, T. ( 1999). Winners and losers. The business strategy of football . London: Penguin.
47.
Szymanski, S., & Smith, R. ( 1997). The English football industry: Profit, performance and industrial structure. International Review of Applied Economics , 11, 135-153.
48.
Taylor Nelson Sofres (TNS). (2007). Boletín mensual de TNS audiencia de medios. Retrieved April 2008 from http://www.tns-global.es/actualidad/audiencia-tv’ .
49.
Tena, J.D., & Forrest, D. ( 2007). Within-season dismissal of football coaches: Statistical analysis of causes and consequences. European Journal of Operational Research, 181, 632-373.
50.
Torgler, B., & Schmidt, S.L. ( 2007). What shapes player performance in soccer? Empirical findings from a panel analysis. Applied Economics, 39, 2355-2369.
51.
Tse, D.K., Nicosia, F.M., & Wilton, P.C. ( 2006). Consumer satisfaction as a process. Psychology and Marketing, 7, 177-193.
52.
Yi, Y. ( 1990). A critical review of consumer satisfaction. Review of Marketing, 14, 68-123.
