Endovascular Therapy Outcomes and Intravascular Ultrasound Findings in Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger’s Disease)

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate outcomes of contemporary endovascular therapy and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings in thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) patients. Methods: Between April 2007 and January 2016, 20 patients (mean age 45±8 years; 16 men) underwent endovascular therapy for TAO-related lesions in 25 consecutive limbs. Subjects exhibited a broad array of clinical symptoms, including critical limb ischemia (n=15) and claudication (10) in the lower (n=20) and upper (n=5) limbs. Results: Procedure success was achieved in 24 (96%) limbs (complete success in 16 and partial success in 8), all of which exhibited improvements of at least 1 grade of the Rutherford category. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that reintervention-free rates were 81.9% (95% CI 0.586 to 0.928) at 6 months and 71.7% at 10 months (95% CI 0.473 to 0.862). IVUS was performed in 20 limbs and revealed unique findings, including the “bull’s-eye” appearance, “lotus-root” appearance, and “bunch of grapes” appearance. During a mean follow-up of 26±19 months, the limb salvage rate was 100% with no deaths. Conclusion: Contemporary endovascular therapy might be able to serve as a potential option for TAO patients with lower and upper limb symptoms. Liberal application of IVUS could help us understand the pathology of TAO to support endovascular therapy for TAO.