Commentary: Which Comes First,the Phoenix or the Flame? Reflections on the Role of Inflammation in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Revascularization for Peripheral Artery Disease
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online April, 2015
Commentary: Which Comes First,the Phoenix or the Flame? Reflections on the Role of Inflammation in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Revascularization for Peripheral Artery Disease
RookeTWHirschATMisraS; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society of Interventional Radiology; Society for Vascular Medicine; Society for Vascular Surgery. 2011 ACCF/AHA focused update of the guideline for the management of patients with peripheral artery disease (updating the 2005 guideline): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society for Vascular Medicine, and Society for Vascular Surgery. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;79:501–531.
2.
MaoCTTsaiMLWangCY. Outcomes and characteristics of patients undergoing percutaneous angioplasty followed by below-knee or above-knee amputation for peripheral artery disease. PLoS One. 2014;9:e111130.
3.
Biondi-ZoccaiGGAbbateALiuzzoG. Atherothrombosis, inflammation, and diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1071–1077.
4.
CarnevaleDCifelliGMascioG. Placental growth factor regulates cardiac inflammation through the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3/tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme axis: crucial role for adaptive cardiac remodeling during cardiac pressure overload. Circulation. 2011;124:1337–1350.
5.
CarnevaleRLoffredoLNocellaC. Epicatechin and catechin modulate endothelial activation induced by platelets of patients with peripheral artery disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2014;2014:691015.
6.
RidkerPM. C-reactive protein and the prediction of cardiovascular events among those at intermediate risk: moving an inflammatory hypothesis toward consensus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:2129–2138.
7.
BiasucciLMKoenigWMairJ; Study Group on Biomarkers in Cardiology of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association of the European Society of Cardiology. How to use C-reactive protein in acute coronary care. Eur Heart J. 2013;34:3687–3690.
8.
BiasucciLMGiubilatoGBiondi-ZoccaiG. C reactive protein is associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with ischemia with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Heart. 2006;92:1147–1148.
9.
PeruzziMBiondi-ZoccaiGFratiG. Commentary: Aortoiliac arteries: another Waterloo for transcatheter vs. open surgical therapy after aorta, cardiac valves, carotids, coronaries, femorals, and tibials?J Endovasc Ther. 2013;20:456–460.
10.
BledaSde HaroJVarelaC. C-reactive protein and endovascular treatment of lower limb peripheral artery disease: an independent prognostic factor. J Endovasc Ther. 2015;22:233–239.
11.
Biondi-ZoccaiGSangiorgiGD’AscenzoF. Drug-eluting balloons for peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of 7 randomized clinical trials and 643 patients. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:570–571.
12.
LoffredoLPerriLCatascaE. Dark chocolate acutely improves walking autonomy in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e001072.
13.
VitulliPPeruzziMBiondi-ZoccaiG. How I treat coronary heart disease: the pleiotropic effects of statins. Eur Med J Cardiol. 2015;5:1–5.
14.
RidkerPMMacFadyenJLibbyP. Relation of baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level to cardiovascular outcomes with rosuvastatin in the Justification for Use of statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER). Am J Cardiol. 2010;106:204–209.
15.
SeropianIMToldoSVan TassellBW. Anti-inflammatory strategies for ventricular remodeling following ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:1593–1603.
16.
MortonACRothmanAMGreenwoodJP. The effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist therapy on markers of inflammation in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: the MRC-ILA Heart Study [published online July30, 2014]. Eur Heart J. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu272.
17.
RidkerPMThurenTZalewskiA. Interleukin-1β inhibition and the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events: rationale and design of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS). Am Heart J. 2011;162:597–605.
18.
AbbateAVan TassellBWBiondi-ZoccaiG. Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction [from the Virginia Commonwealth University-Anakinra Remodeling Trial (2) (VCU-ART2) pilot study]. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111:1394–1400.
19.
AbbateAVan TassellBWChristopherS. Effects of prolastin C (plasma-derived alpha-1 antitrypsin) on the acute inflammatory response in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (from the VCU-Alpha 1-RT pilot study). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:8–12.
20.
Van TassellBWArenaRBiondi-ZoccaiG. Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study). Am J Cardiol. 2014;113:321–327.
