Significant changes have occurred in the treatment of renal artery disease over the past few years. Although excellent clinical results can be obtained with surgery, percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty has proved similarly efficacious and is now the treatment of choice for nonostial atherosclerotic stenoses and fibromuscular dysplasia. The introduction of stents has become a valuable adjunctive therapy for postangioplasty restenosis and dissection.
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