As part of the Genesee County, Michigan, REACH 2010 initiative, a new course, Cultural Competence in Health Care, was developed at the University of Michigan-Flint. The objective of this course is to improve the cultural competence of future health and human service providers and to reduce persistent racial and ethnic health disparities. This article describes the course and the important role that REACH 2010 partners played in its development and implementation. Course materials, methods, and student feedback are summarized, along with lessons learned.
Anderson, S. K., MacPhee, D., & Govan, D. (2000). Infusion of multicultural issues in curricula: A student perspective. Innovative Higher Education, 25(1), 37-56.
2.
Beach, M. C., Price, G. P., Gary, T. L., Robinson, K. A., Gozu, A., Palacia, A., et al. (2005). Cultural competence: A systematic review of health care provider educational interventions. Medical Care, 42, 356-373.
3.
Bennett, M. J. (1993). Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. In R. M. Paige (Ed.), Education for the intercultural experience (pp. 21-71). Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
4.
Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Ananeh-Firempong, O. A., II. (2003). Defining cultural competence: A practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public Health Reports, 118, 293-302.
5.
Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Park, E. R. (2005). From the field: Cultural competence and health care disparities: Key perspectives and trends. Health Affairs, 24, 499-505.
6.
Brach, C., & Fraser, I. (2000). Can cultural competency reduce racial and ethnic health disparities? A review and conceptual model. Medical Care Research and Review, 57 (Suppl. 1), 181-217.
7.
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13(2), 181-184.
8.
Chaisson, R. L. (2004). A crack in the door: Critical race theory in practice at a predominantly White institution. Teaching Sociology, 32, 345-357.
9.
Crosson, J. C., Deng, W., Brazeau, C., Boyd, L., & Sotto-Green, M. (2004). Evaluating the effect of cultural competency training on medical student attitudes. Family Medicine, 36(3), 199-203.
10.
Dougherty, L. (Producer/Director). (1999). Understanding race[Motion picture]. (Available from Films for the Humanities, P.O. Box 2053, Princeton, NJ 08543)
11.
Geiger, H. J. (2001). Racial stereotyping and medicine: The need for cultural competence. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 164, 1699-1700.
12.
Gillespie, D. (2003). The pedagogical value of teaching White privilege through a case study. Teaching Sociology, 31, 469-477.
13.
Golfus, B., & Simpson, D. E. (Producer/Director). (1994). When Billy broke his head [Motion picture]. (Available from Fanlight Productions, 4196 Washington St., Suite 2, Boston, MA 02131)
14.
Institute of Medicine. (2002). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
15.
Institute of Medicine. (2003). Who will keep the public healthy? Educating public health professionals for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
16.
Jones, C. P. (2000). Levels of racism: A theoretic framework and a gardener’s tale. American Journal of Public Health, 90, 1212-1215.
17.
Kaiser Family Foundation. (2002). Racial/ethnic differences in cardiac care: The weight of the evidence. Menlo Park, CA: Author.
18.
Koppel, T. (Performer). (1999). America in Black and White [Television series episode]. In Nightline. New York: American Broadcasting Company.
19.
Lesser, J., & Gerber, R. (Producer/Director). (2002). Cultural issues in the clinical setting. [Motion picture}. (Available from Kaiser Permanente, 825 Colorado Blvd., Suite 301, Los Angeles, CA 90041)
20.
McIntosh, P. (1989, July/August). White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack. Peace and Freedom, 10-12.
21.
Meeks, K. (2000). Driving while Black: Highways, shopping malls, taxicabs, sidewalks: What to do if you are a victim of racial profiling. New York: Broadway Books.
22.
Pestronk, R. M., & Franks, M. L. (2003). A partnership to reduce African American infant mortality in Genesee County, Michigan. Public Health Reports, 118, 324-335.
23.
Sawyer, D. (Performer). (1991). True colors [Television series episode]. In M. Lukasiewicz & E. Harvey (Producers), Prime Time. New York: American Broadcasting Company.
24.
Schulz, A. J., Israel, B. A., Selig, S. M., & Bayer, I. S. (1998). Development and implementation of principles for community-based research in public health. In R. H. MacNair (Ed.), Research strategies for community practice (pp. 83-110). New York: Haworth.
25.
Strigle, C., Verhaag, B. (Producers), & Verhaag, B. (Director). (1995). Blue eyed [Motion picture]. (Available California Newsreel, P.O. Box 2284, South Burlington, VT 05407)
26.
Sullivan Commission. (2004). Missing persons: Minorities in the health professions. Durham, NC: Duke University.
27.
Tatum, B. D. (2003). Why are all the Black kids sitting together in the cafeteria?New York: Basic Books.
28.
U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration. (2002). Definitions of cultural competence. Retrieved in 2002 from http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/diversity/cultcomp.htm
29.
van Ryn, M., & Fu, S. S. (2003). Paved with good intentions: Do public health and human service providers contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in health?American Journal of Public Health, 93, 248-255.
30.
Wah, L. M. (Producer/Director). (1994). The color of fear [Motion picture]. (Available from StirFry Seminars & Consulting, 154 Santa Clara Ave., Oakland, CA 94610)
31.
Welch, M. (2001). Teaching diversity and cross-cultural competence in health care: A trainer’s guide (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Perspective of Differences Diversity Training and Consultation for Health Professionals.
