No readily accessible source of information is available to answer questions posed by those who seek to use the DLOQ about its construction, utility, and reliability.
The Solution
This article traces the development of theoretical constructs that undergird the survey, outlines the steps of survey construction, and responds to frequently asked questions.
The Stakeholders
Human resource and organization development (HROD) scholars who would use the DLOQ in studies of organizational culture need accurate information about the instrument. HROD practitioners who plan to use the instrument also need information about its utility and reliability to share with stakeholders and to ensure that high quality data will inform their interventions.
AdnanN.AhmadM.AdnanR. (2006). A comparative study on some methods for handling multicollinearity problems. Matematika, 22(2), 109-119.
2.
ArgyrisC.PutnamR.SmithD. (1985). Action science. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
3.
ArgyrisC.SchönD. A. (1978). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
4.
ArgyrisC.SchönD. A. (1996). Organizational learning II: Theory, method and practice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
5.
BeckhardR.PritchardW. (1992). Changing the essence: The art of creating and leading fundamental change in organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
6.
BensonJ. (1998). Developing a strong program of construct validation: A test anxiety example. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 17(1), 10-17.
7.
BergS. S.ChyungS. Y. (2008). Factors that influence informal learning in the workplace. Journal of Workplace Learning, 20(4), 229-244.
BrewerA.HensherD. (1998). The importance of organizational commitment in managing change: Experience of the new private business industry. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 34(2), 117-130.
11.
BridgesP. H.BieremaL. L.ValentineT. (2007). The propensity to adopt evidence-based practice among physical therapists. BMC Health Services Research, 7, 103-109.
12.
BurkeW. W. (2010). Organization change: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
CronbachL. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334.
15.
DavisD.DaleyB. J. (2008). The learning organization and its dimensions as key factors in firms’ performance. Human Resource Development International, 11(1), 51-66.
16.
DeweyJ. (1938). Experience &education. New York, NY: Kappa Delta Pi.
17.
DiraniK. M. (2009). Measuring the learning organization culture, organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the Lebanese banking sector. Human Resource Development International, 12(2), 189-208.
18.
EllingerA. D.EllingerA. E.YangB.HowtonS. W. (2003). Making the business case for the learning organization concept. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 163-172.
19.
FuentesS. C. G. (2008). The link between learning culture and organizational performance in organizations using the balanced scorecard. Dissertation Abstracts International, 70(02). (UMI No. 3346589)
20.
Getha-TaylorH. (2008). Learning indicators and collaborative capacity: Applying action learning principles to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Public Administration Quarterly, 32(2), 125-146.
21.
HaqueM. M. (2008). A study of the relationship between the learning organization and organizational readiness for change. Dissertation Abstracts International, 69(06). (UMI No. 3311367)
22.
HawkinsA. (2005). Leaders as facilitators of organizational learning. Dissertations Abstract International, 66(11). (UMI No. 3196621)
23.
HernandezM. (2000). The Impact of the Dimensions of the Learning Organization on the Transfer of Tacit Knowledge Process and Performance Improvement Within Private Manufacturing Firms in Colombia. PhD dissertation, University of Georgia, GA, USA.
24.
HernandezM.WatkinsK. (2003). Translation, validation, and adaptation of the Spanish version of the Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire. Human Resource Development International, 6(2), 187-196.
25.
IsmailM. (2005). Creative climate and learning organization factors: Their contribution towards innovation. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26, 639-654.
26.
KellyG. A. (1963). A theory of personality: The psychology of personal constructs [New ed.]. New York: Norton.
27.
KimY. S. (2007). An analysis of learning organization initiatives’ implementation. Seoul, South Korea: Ministry of Labor.
28.
KumarN. (2005). The relationships between learning organization dimensions and performance among Malaysian private institutions of higher learning. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
29.
LeiriaoE. (2003). The importance of organizational commitment to the realization of a customer-centric strategy: A study of the personnel at the Shouldice Hospital. Unpublished master’s thesis, Concordia University, Portland, Oregon.
30.
LewinK.LewinG. W. (1948). Resolving social conflicts: Selected papers on group dynamics (1935-1946, 1st ed). New York: Harper.
31.
LuY. (2010). The relationship between leaders’ behaviors & organizational learning actions. Dissertation Abstracts International, 73(04). (UMI No. 3487793)
32.
MarsickV.WatkinsK. (1990). Informal and incidental learning: A new challenge for human resource developers. London: Routledge.
33.
MarsickV.WatkinsK. (2003). Demonstrating the value of an organization’s learning culture: The dimensions of the learning organization questionnaire. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 132-151.
34.
MarsickV. J.WatkinsK. E. (1999). Facilitating learning organizations: Making learning count. Brookfield, VT: Gower.
35.
McHargueS. K. (1999). Dimensions of the learning organization as determinants of organizational performance in nonprofit organizations. EdD dissertation, University of Georgia, GA.
36.
MohammadL.GholamrezaM. (2011). The relationship between organizational readiness for change and the dimensions of the learning organization. Journal of Public Administration Perspective, 1(4), 101-118.
37.
MurugiahS. (2008). Facilitating organizational learning to enhance capacity to manage emerging business challenges: A case study of safe finance in Malaysia [Dissertation]. New York: Teacher’s College, Columbia University.
38.
NaesT.MevikB. H. (2001) Understanding the co-linearity problem in regression and discriminant analysis. Journal of Chemometrics, 15, 413-426.
39.
NoubarH. B. K.RoseR. C.KumarN.SallehL. M. (2011). Learning culture to organizational breakthroughs in Malaysian companies. Economics and Management, 16, 852-858.
40.
ParkY. (2009). An integrative empirical approach to the predictors of self-directed career management. Career Development International, 14, 636-654.
41.
PerouneD. L. (2007). Tacit knowledge in the workplace: The facilitating role of peer relationships. Journal of European Industrial Training, 31, 244-258.
42.
PimapunsriP. (2008). Factors affecting learning organization culture and hotel managers’ leadership styles in Thailand. Educational Journal of Thailand, 2(1), 34-43.
43.
PolanyiM. (1966) The tacit dimension. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
44.
RazaviT. (2001). Self-report measures: An overview of concerns and limitations of questionnaire use in occupational stress research. Unpublished manuscript, University of Southampton. Retrieved from http://www.eprints.soton.ac.uk/35712/01/01-175.pdf
45.
RevansR. (1980). Action learning: New techniques for management. London: Blond & Briggs.
46.
RevansR. W. (1982). The origin and growth of action learning. Brickley, UK: Chartwell-Bratt.
47.
RohlinL. (1984). An action perspective on management and management development. Trends in. Management and Management Development, MiLManagement Mission, Lund, Scania, Sweden.
48.
SalehiH. (2005). Assessing the impacts of learning capacity on employee and customer satisfaction. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 34, 21-22. Retrieved from http://journals.tums.ac.ir/abs/2441
49.
SchönD. ( 1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. London: Temple Smith.
50.
SeldenG. (1998). Family businesses as learning organizations: An explanatory model of knowledge and financial performance. EdD dissertation, University of Georgia, GA.
51.
SengeP. M. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art & practice of the learning organization. New York, NY: Doubleday.
SongJ. H. (2008). The effects of learning organization culture on the practices of human knowledge-creation: An empirical research study in Korea. International Journal of Training & Development, 12(4), 265-281.
54.
SongJ. H.KimH. M.KolbJ. A. (2009). The effect of learning organization culture on the relationship between interpersonal trust and organizational commitment. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 20(2), 147-167.
55.
Sta MariaR. F. (2000). Perception of learning culture, concerns about the innovation, and their influence on use of an on-going innovation in the Malaysian public sector. EdD dissertation, University of Georgia, GA.
56.
SullivanS. E.BaruchY. (2009). Advances in career theory and research: A critical review and agenda for future exploration. Journal of Management, 35, 1542-1571.
57.
WangX. (2005). Relationships among organizational learning culture, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in Chinese state-owned and privately owned enterprises. Dissertation Abstracts International, 67(01). (UMI No. 3203994)
58.
WatkinsK.MarsickV. (1993). Sculpting the learning organization [Translated to the Japanese, 1994; Chinese, 2001]. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
59.
WatkinsK.MarsickV. (1996). (Eds.). In action: Creating the learning organization (Vol. 1). Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press.
60.
WatkinsK.MarsickV. (1997). Dimensions of the learning organization questionnaire. Warwick, RI: Partners for the Learning Organization.
61.
WeerakkodyN. M. (2011). A research on the application of learning organization in the Sri Lankan apparel industry. Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka.
62.
XiaojunL. (2010, Aug24-26). The impact of learning culture on individual innovative behavior. Proceedings of Management and Service Science (1-4), Wuhan, China.
63.
YangB.WatkinsK.MarsickV. (2004). The construct of the learning organization: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15(1), 31-56.
