Controlling blood glucose in type 2 diabetes remains challenging. All existing drugs have significant limitations and side effects, with some causing weight gain and thereby exacerbating the condition. This short review looks at new groups of drugs on the market and under development, and discusses their potential in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Effect of intensive bloodglucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet1998; 352:854–65.
2.
ACCORD Study Group. Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial: design and methods. Am J Cardiol2007; 99:21i–33i.
3.
ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med2008; 358:2560–72.
4.
HolmanRRPaulSKBethelMA10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med2008; 359:1577–89.
5.
NathanDMBuseJBDavidsonMB Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006 29:1963–72.
6.
DormandyJACharbonnelBEcklandDJASecondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet2005; 366:1279–89.
7.
AmoriRELauJEfficacyPittas AG.ofsafetyincretin therapy in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA2007; 298:194–206.
8.
DeFronzoRARatnerREHanJEffects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control and weight over 30 weeks in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care2005; 28:1092–100.
9.
Look AHEAD Research Group. Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care2007; 30:1374–83.
10.
RössnerSSjöströmLNoackRWeight loss, weight maintenance, and improved cardiovascular risk factors after 2 years treatment with orlistat for obesity. Obes Res2000; 8:49–61.
11.
ScheenAJFinerNHollanderPEfficacy and tolerability of rimonabant in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled study. Lancet2006; 368:1660–72.
12.
GaedePLund-AndersenHParvingHHEffect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med2008; 358:580–91.