Potential of Sumilink-200 was investigated in a typical natural rubber-based tread compound in connection with its ability to act as a coupling agent for carbon black to reduce hysteresis loss of the compound. Optimum physical properties were obtained at 2 phr loading of Sumilink-200. At this loading, tensile modulus at 300% elongation improved by 9.6% with a reduction in visco-elastic energy dissipation (loss tangent) at 60°C by 8.3% over the control compound. The abrasion resistance properties of the compounds found to remain unaffected with the introduction of Sumilink-200.
Transportation Research Board and National Research Council. Effectiveness and impact of corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards. Washington: National Academics Press, 2002.
5.
WeiYTTianZHDuXW. Finite element model for the rolling loss prediction and fracture analysis of radial tires. Tire Sci Technol1999; 27; 250–276.
6.
PilIaiPS. Total tire energy loss comparison by the whole tire hysteresis and the rolling resistance methods. Tire Sci Technol1995; 23; 256–265.
7.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Final rulemaking to establish light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emission standards and corporate average fuel economy standards, regulatory impact analysis. 2010. www.epa.gov/oms/climate/regulations/420r10009.pdf. (accessed 10 April 2018).
8.
WillettPR. Hysteretic loss in rolling tyres. Rubber Chem Technol1973; 46; 425–441.
9.
MandalSKDattaRNBasuDK. Studies on cure synergism – part I: effect of bis (diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl disulfide and thiazole-based accelerators in the vulcanization of NR. Rubber Chem Technol1989; 62; 569–584.
10.
MandalSKDattaRNBasuDK, et al.Studies on the reaction of bis (diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl disulfide with silica in the vulcanization of NR. J Appl Polym Sci1985; 35; 987–994.
11.
WangMJWolffSDonnetJB. Filler-elastomer interactions, part-I: silica surface energies and interactions with model compounds. Rubber Chem Technol1991; 64; 559–576.
12.
WangMJZhangPMahmudK. Carbon—silica dual phase filler, a new generation reinforcing agent for rubber: Part IX. Application to truck tire tread compound. Rubber Chem Technol2001; 74; 124–137.
13.
ThieleSven KH. Novel Functionalized SSBR for Silica-& Carbon black-Containing Tires. Presented at the 174th Technical Meeting Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, 2009.
14.
HashimASAzahariBIkedaY, et al.The effect of bis (3-triethoxy silylpropyl) tetra sulfide on silica reinforcement of styrene-butadiene rubber. Rubber Chem Technol1998; 71; 289–299.
15.
ZhangPMorrisMDoshiD. Materials development for lowering rolling resistance of tires. Rubber Chem Technol2016; 89; 79–116.
16.
PayneAR. The dynamic properties of carbon black-loaded natural rubber vulcanizates. Part I. J Polym Sci1962; 6: 57–63.
WangMJ. Effect of polymer-filler and filler-filler interactions on dynamic properties of filled vulcanizates. Rubber Chem Technol1998; 71; 520–589.
20.
QianSHuangJGuoW, et al.Investigation of carbon black network in natural rubber with different bound rubber contents. J Macro Sci Part B: Physics2007; 46: 453–466.
21.
WangTWangMJShellJ, et al.The effect of compound processing on filler flocculation. Kautsch Gummi Kunstst2000; 53: 497–505
22.
WolffSWangMJTanEH. Filler-elastomer interactions, part-VII, study on bound rubber. Rubber Chem Technol1993; 66: 163–177.
CaruthersJMCohenREMedaliaAI. Effect of carbon black on hysteresis of rubber vulcanizates: equivalence of surface area and loading. Rubber Chem Technol1976; 49; 1076–1094.
25.
GauthierGReynaudEVassoilleR, et al.Analysis of the non-linear visco-elastic behavior of silica filled styrene-butadiene rubber. Polymer2004; 45: 2761–2771.
GhoshSSenguptaRKaliskeM. Prediction of rolling resistance for truck bus radial tyres with nano composite based tread compounds using finite element simulation. Rubber Chem Technol2014; 87: 276–290.
28.
SchallamachA. The role of hysteresis in tyre wear and laboratory abrasion. Rubber Chem Technol1960; 33: 857–867.
29.
GroschKA. The relation between the friction and visco-elastic properties of rubber. Proc R Soc Lon Ser-A1963; 274: 21–39.
