The experimentally known values of the 14 exponents associated with the exponent-rules for vacuum and gas-filled tungsten filament lamps are utilized to obtain the temperature dependence of performance parameters such as power demand, lumen output, life and efficacy. It is also shown that the data on emissivity of tungsten reported by Jones and Langmuir are consistent with theory in contrast to those obtained by Roser and Wensel. Further, the analysis predicts a higher power loss factor and a longer life for gas-filled tungsten filament lamps than for vacuum lamps.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
General Electric Company, Incandescent Lamps, Pamphlet TP-110R2, Nela Park, OH: GE, 1984.
2.
Agrawal DC, Menon VJLight bulb exponent-rules for the classroom. IEEE Transactions on Education2000; 43: 262-265.
3.
van Horn DDMathematical and physical bases of incandescent lamp exponents. Illuminating Engineering1965; 60: 196-202.
4.
Agrawal DC, Menon VJIlluminating physics with gas-filled lamps: Exponent-rules. Latin American Journal of Physics Education2009; 3: 33-36.
5.
Weast RCCRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1978.
6.
Murdoch JBIlluminating Engineering from Edison’s Lamp to the LED. New York: Vision Communication, 2003.
7.
Bergman R., Bigio L., Ranish R.Filament Lamps, Technical Information Series, GE Research & Development Centre, 98CRD027, February 1998.
8.
Leff HSIlluminating physics with light bulbs. Physics Teacher1990; 28: 30-35.
9.
Langmuir I.Convection and conduction of heat in gases. Physical Review1912; 34: 402-422.
Page TD, Bergman RS, Vuckevich MRA computational first principles approach to incandescent lamp design. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society1989; 18: 109-117.
12.
Covington EJEffect of variations in coil pitch on burnout. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society1975; 4: 280-285.
13.
Jones HA, Langmuir I.The characteristics of tungsten filaments as functions of temperature. General Electric Review1927; 30: 354-361.
14.
Agrawal DC, Menon VJLifetime and temperature of incandescent lamps. Physics Education1998; 33: 55-58.
15.
Agrawal DC, Leff HS, Menon VJEfficiency and efficacy of incandescent lamps. American Journal of Physics1996; 64: 649-654.
16.
Nonlinear least squares regression (curve fitting). Retrieved 5 November 2009, from http://statpages.org/nonlin.html
17.
Raczkevi B., Molnarka G.The calculation of the shadow factor of single coil filament: Industry Application Society Annual Meeting 1988, Conference Record of the 1988 IEEE, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Oct 2-7: 1988: 2: 1842-1847.
18.
Agrawal DC, Menon VJWater evaporation: Apparent anomaly and its resolution. Latin American Journal of Physics Education2008; 2: 203-204.