Analysis of noise generation and flow field interactions in supersonic impinging jets

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of nozzle-plate spacing and nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) on the noise characteristics of both free and impinging jets through wind tunnel experiments. For free jets, the results show that when 2.05 < NPR <2.84, the far-field noise overall sound pressure level (OASPL) is stronger in the downstream direction. However, for NPR >2.84, the OASPL in the midstream direction exceeds that in the downstream direction, mainly due to the attenuation of turbulent mixing noise and the increase in broadband shock-associated noise. The free jet noise spectrum also exhibits two main discrete tones and their harmonics, with the transition attributed to the gradual formation of shock cell structures interacting with large-scale vortex structures. For impinging jets, the far-field noise in the upstream direction is similar to that of free jets when 2.89 < NPR <3.1, but midstream and downstream noise levels decrease. This is primarily due to the inclined plate transforming the turbulent mixing region in the fifth and sixth shock cells of the free jet into two distinct regions. One region, located downstream of the plate, generates noise that primarily radiates upstream, while the other is situated in the turbulent mixing zone of the wall jet. Additionally, the primary source region of the screech tone is near the upper edge of the strong vorticity region at the third shock cell, with the second and third harmonics originating from the strong vorticity regions at the fourth and fifth shock cells. The discrete tone at 3737 Hz corresponds to the position where the strong vorticity region on the side of the inclined plate along the flow direction (SVRiP-FD) fully merges with the upper edge of the strong vorticity region at the fifth shock cell.

Keywords

Impinging supersonic jets screech tones particle image velocimetry (PIV)spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD)

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