Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists are involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and recent studies suggest that PPAR-γ ligands may have potential for the treatment of allergic airway disease. This study investigated the effect of the PPAR-γ agonist, rosiglitazone, on nasal mucous allergic inflammation and galectin-3 gene expression in a murine model of allergic rhinitis (AR mice). Rosiglitazone resulted in a statistically significant attenuation of the increased numbers of inflammatory cells and Th2 cytokine levels in nasal cavity lavage fluid of AR mice. Furthermore, the expression of galectin-3 in the nasal mucosa of AR mice was statistically significantly increased. Over-expression of galectin-3 was markedly suppressed by rosiglitazone treatment. These data suggest that the PPAR-γ agonist, rosiglitazone, may have potential in the development of therapies for allergic rhinitis.
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