The aim of this study was to develop a tumour vaccine with the ability to induce and expand higher affinity cytotoxic T lymphocytes and stimulate an effective antitumour immune response. The hypothesis tested was that G422 glioblastoma cells modified with B7-1 and interferon (IFN)-γ genes could serve as a tumour vaccine. It was found that therapeutic subcutaneous immunizations with this tumour vaccine significantly induced a cytotoxic T-cell response and prolonged the survival of female Kuming mice with intracerebral G422 tumour isografts. The data collectively suggested that G422 glioblastoma cells genetically modified with B7-1 and IFN-γ genes could serve as a tumour vaccine.
MouradPDFarrellLStampsLD: Why are systemic glioblastoma metastases rare? Systemic and cerebral growth of mouse glioblastoma. Surg Neurol2005; 63: 511–519.
2.
TangJFlomenbergPHarshyneL: Glioblastoma patients exhibit circulating tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Clin Cancer Res2005; 11: 5292–5299.
3.
CostelloRTGastautJAOliveD: Mechanisms of tumor escape from immunologic response. Rev Med Interne1999; 20: 579–588.
4.
AhmadMReesRCAliSA: Escape from immunotherapy: Possible mechanisms that influence tumor regression/progression. Cancer Immunol Immunother2004; 53: 844–854.
TatsumiTTakeharaTKatayamaK: Expression of costimulatory molecules B7–1 (CD80) and B7–2 (CD86) on human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology1997; 25: 1108–1114.
7.
GimmiCDFreemanGJGribbenJG: Human T-cell clonal anergy is induced by antigen presentation in the absence of B7 costimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1993; 90: 6586–6590.
8.
MoriokaJKajiwaraKYoshikawaK: Vaccine therapy for murine glioma using tumor cells genetically modified to express B7.1. Neurosurgery2004; 54: 182–189.
9.
ReadSBKulprathipanjaNVGomezGG: Human alloreactive CTL interactions with gliomas and with those having upregulated HLA expression from exogenous IFN-γ or IFN-γ gene modification. J Interferon Cytokine Res2003; 23: 379–393.
10.
TaoGHuJZouH: Therapeutic antitumor response to cervical cancer in mice immunized with U14 vaccines transfected with costimulatory B7 gene. Chin Med J (Engl)2001; 114: 623–627.
11.
ZhangLMiJYuY: IFN-γ gene therapy by intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation: A novel strategy for reversing hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice. Parasite Immunol2001; 23: 11–17.
12.
WetzlerMTalpazMVan EttenRA: Subcellular localization of Bcr, Abl, and Bcr-Abl proteins in normal and leukemic cells and correlation of expression with myeloid differentiation. J Clin Invest1993; 92: 1925–1939.
13.
YangSTsangKYSchlomJ: Induction of higher-avidity human CTLs by vector-mediated enhanced costimulation of antigen-presenting cells. Clin Cancer Res2005; 11: 5603–5615.
14.
SiesjoPVisseESjogrenHO: Increased proportion of CD8+ tumor responsive T cells after immunization with tum- versus tum+ rat glioma. Cell Immunol1995; 165: 225–233.
15.
HenningTKrausMBrischweinM: Relevance of tumor microenvironment for progression, therapy and drug development. Anticancer Drugs2004; 15: 7–14.
