Elevated serum lipoprotein(a) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, and C-reactive protein (CRP) is a general and cardiovascular marker in haemodialysis patients. We studied lipoprotein(a) and CRP levels in 48 haemodialysis and 24 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and 20 healthy individuals, after a 12 h fast. Serum lipoprotein(a) levels were elevated in 31.3%, 66.7% and 5% of haemodialysis and CAPD patients and control subjects, respectively. The difference between all groups was significant. Serum CRP levels were high in 43.8%, 58.4% and 5% of haemodialysis and CAPD patients, and healthy subjects, respectively. The mean serum CRP level was significantly different between all groups. Both protein levels were higher in CAPD patients than haemodialysis patients, suggesting that CAPD patients should be more closely monitored for coronary artery disease.
FoleyRNParfreyPSSarnakMJ: Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol1998; 9 (Suppl 12): S16–S23.
2.
KronenbergFKuenERitzEJunkerRKonigPKraatzG: Lipoprotein(a) serum concentrations and apolipoprotein(a) phenotypes in mild and moderate renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol2000; 11: 105–115.
3.
DikowRAdamczakMHenriquezDERitzE: Strategies to decrease cardiovascular mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int2002; 61 (Suppl 80): 5–10.
4.
ScottJ: Lipoprotein(a). BMJ1991; 303: 663–664.
5.
WannerCZimmermannJSchwedlerSMertzgerT: Inflammation and cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients. Kidney Int2002; 61 (Suppl 80): 99–102.
6.
GabayCKushnerI: Acute-phase proteins and other systemic reactions to inflammation. N Engl J Med1999; 340: 448–454.
7.
ZimmermannJHerrlingerSPruyAMetzgerTWannerC: Inflammation enhances cardiovascular risk and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int1999; 55: 648–658.
8.
LindnerACharraBSherrardDJScribnerBH: Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med1974; 290: 697–701.
9.
ClyneNLinsLEPehrssonSK: Occurrence and significance of heart disease in uremia. An autopsy study. Scand J Urol Nephrol1986; 20: 307–311.
YeunJYLevineRAMantadilokVKaysenGA: C-reactive protein predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis2000; 35: 469–476.
12.
IsekiKTozawaMYoshiSFukiyamaK: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and risk of death in chronic dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant1999; 14: 1956–1960.
13.
ChungSHHeimbürgerOStenvinkelPBergstromJLindholmB: Association between inflammation and changes in residual renal function and peritoneal transport rate during the first year of dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant2001; 16: 2240–2245.
14.
StenvinkelPHeimbürgerOPaultreFDiczfalusyUWangTBerglundL: Strong association between malnutrition, inflammation and atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int1999; 55: 1899–1911.
15.
KaysenGAStevensonFTDepnerTA: Determinants of albumin concentration in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis1997; 29: 658–668.
16.
YeunJYKaysenGA: Acute phase proteins and peritoneal dialysate albumin loss are the main determinants of serum albumin in peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis1997; 30: 923–927.
17.
WebbATReaveleyDAO'DonnellMO'ConnorBSeedMBrownEA: Lipoprotein(a) in patients on maintenance haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant1993; 8: 609–613.
18.
SiamopoulosKCElisafMSBairaktariHTPappasMBSferopoulosGDNikolakakisNG: Lipid parameters including lipoprotein(a) in patients undergoing CAPD and hemodialysis. Perit Dial Int1995; 15: 342–347.
19.
KangDHYoonKILeeSWKangSWChoiKHLeeHY: Impact of nutritional status on serum lipoprotein(a) concentration in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int1996; 16 (Suppl 1): S241–S245.
HeimburgerOStenvinkelPBerglundLTranoeusALindholmB: Increased plasma lipoprotein(a) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is related to peritoneal transport of proteins and glucose. Nephron1996; 72: 135–144.
22.
RohdeLEHennekensCHRidkerPM: Survey of C-reactive protein and cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy men. Am J Cardiol1999; 84: 1018–1022.
23.
OwenWFLowrieEG: C-reactive protein as an outcome predictor for maintenance hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int1998; 54: 627–636.
24.
BoenischOEhmkeKDHeddergottANaoumCFreiUSchindlerR: C-reactive-protein and cytokine plasma levels in hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol2002; 15: 547–551.
25.
SitterTBergnerASchifflH: Dialysate related cytokine induction and response to recombinant human erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant2000; 15: 1207–1211.
26.
MemoliBLibettaCRampinoTDe SimoneWMeccarielloSStangherlinP: Interleukin-6 production of uraemic haemodialysis patients: effects of different membranes. Nephrol Dial Transplant1991; 6 (Suppl 2): 96–98.
27.
KaysenGADubinJAMullerHGRosalesLMLewinNW, The Hemo Study Group: The acute-phase response varies with time and predicts serum albumin levels in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int2000; 58: 346–352.
