Segregation and Solitary Confinement in Youth Custody: Rights and Regulations in Redressing Developmental Impoverishment

Abstract

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Beard

(2020) Youth Custody. House of Commons Library Briefing Paper No. 8557. Available at: https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8557/CBP-8557.pdf

British Medical Association (BMA) (2018) The Medical Role in Solitary Confinement: Guidance for Doctors Working in the Youth Justice System. Available at: https://www.bma.org.uk/media/1858/bma-the-medical-role-in-youth-solitary-confinement-guidance-2018.pdf

British Medical Association (BMA), Royal College of Psychiatrists and Child Health (2018) Joint Position Statement on Solitary Confinement of Children and Young People. Available at: https://www.bma.org.uk/media/1859/bma-solitary-confinement-in-youth-detention-joint-statement-2018.pdf

Children’s Commissioner for England (CCE) (2015) Research Report: Isolation and Solitary Confinement of Children in the English Youth Justice Secure Estate. London: CCE.

Children’s Commissioner for England (CCE) (2018) A Report on the Use of Segregation in Youth Custody in England. London: CCE.

European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT) (2017) Report to the Government of the United Kingdom on the Visit to the United Kingdom Carried Out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment from 30 March to 12 April 2016. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT) (2011) 21st General Report of 10 November 2011. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT) (2020) Report to the Government of the United Kingdom on the Visit to the United Kingdom Carried Out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment from 13 to 23 May 2019. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

House of Commons/House of Lords Joint Committee on Human Rights (2019) Youth detention: Solitary confinement and restraint (Nineteenth Report of Session 2017–19, HC 994, HL Paper 343).

10.

Human Rights Watch (HRW) and American Civil Liberties Union (2012) Growing Up Locked Down: Youth in Solitary Confinement in Jails and Prisons across the United States. New York: HRW.

11.

National Offender Management Service (2015) Reviewing and Authorising Continuing Segregation & Temporary Confinement in Special Accommodation: Amendment to Policy Set Out in PSO 1700. Available at: https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2014/02/HMIP-response-to-NOMS-consultation-on-segregation-review-291015.pdf

12.

Stone

(2003) ‘Detention by YOT Workers’, ‘YOI Segregation Conditions’ and ‘DTO Enforcement’ – A cluster of custodial concerns. Youth Justice 3(3): 183–191.

13.

UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) (2007) Children’s Rights in Juvenile Justice: General Comment No. 10 (15 January–2 February 2007). Forty-fourth session. Geneva: UNCRC.

14.

UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) (2016) Concluding Observations on the Fifth Periodic Report of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ( CRC/C/GBR/CO/5). Available at: http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2FPPRiCAqhKb7yhskHOj6VpDS%2F%2FJqg2Jxb9gncnUyUgbnuttBweOlylfyYPkBbwffitW2JurgBRuMMxZqnGgerUdpjxij3uZ0bjQBOLNTNvQ9fUIEOvA5LtW0GL

15.

Youth Justice Board/Ministry of Justice (2020) Youth Justice Statistics England and Wales 2018/19. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/862078/youth-justice-statistics-bulletin-march-2019.pdf