Zhōngyōng- Confucian leadership sentiments: A conceptual analysis

Abstract

This paper explores the concept of leadership sentiment, defined as the emotional and ethical tone set by leaders, which influences their followers and the broader organisation. Sentiments, as socialised feelings, are constructed through socialisation and cultural learning, integrating mind and heart in leadership practices. The paper examines the relevance of Zhōngyōng (中庸), a Confucian concept advocating for a balanced and harmonious way of living, and Junzi (君子), the ideal Confucian leader embodying high moral standards. It highlights how these concepts shape leadership sentiment, guiding leaders’ cognitive and emotional functions. The study underscores the continued influence of Confucian values on modern leadership in Confucian Asia. It suggests that adopting Zhōngyōng can enhance leadership practices by fostering positive relationships and a cohesive work environment. By integrating emotional intelligence, cultural sensitivity, and ethical leadership, the paper proposes a framework for forming Zhōngyōng sentiments for understanding and applying leadership sentiments in diverse cultural contexts.