This empirical study uses Etzioni's control-compliance model to compare the level of personal and social alienation of members of two kibbutzim: 31 members of a kibbutz that employs a normative mode of social control and 42 members of a kibbutz that employs a remunerative mode of social control. After controlling for job characteristics, gender, age, and education, no difference was found between the levels of alienation of the two kibbutzim's members. Women proved to be more resistant to social alienation than men. It is concluded that Etzioni's model is a static model that has limited ability to explain the change in the relationship between an organization's control mode and its members' organizational involvement, when the organization's members voluntarily initiate this change.
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